REVISED JUDICATURE ACT OF 1961 (EXCERPT)
Act 236 of 1961 Chapter 10A.
DRUG TREATMENT COURTS

600.1060 Definitions.

Sec. 1060.

As used in this chapter:

(a) "Dating relationship" means that term as defined in section 2950.

(b) "Domestic violence offense" means any crime alleged to have been committed by an individual against his or her spouse or former spouse, an individual with whom he or she has a child in common, an individual with whom he or she has had a dating relationship, or an individual who resides or has resided in the same household.

(c) "Drug treatment court" means a court supervised treatment program for individuals who abuse or are dependent upon any controlled substance or alcohol. A drug treatment court shall comply with the 10 key components promulgated by the national association of drug court professionals, which include all of the following essential characteristics:

(i) Integration of alcohol and other drug treatment services with justice system case processing.

(ii) Use of a nonadversarial approach by prosecution and defense that promotes public safety while protecting any participant's due process rights.

(iii) Identification of eligible participants early with prompt placement in the program.

(iv) Access to a continuum of alcohol, drug, and other related treatment and rehabilitation services.

(v) Monitoring of participants effectively by frequent alcohol and other drug testing to ensure abstinence from drugs or alcohol.

(vi) Use of a coordinated strategy with a regimen of graduated sanctions and rewards to govern the court's responses to participants' compliance.

(vii) Ongoing close judicial interaction with each participant and supervision of progress for each participant.

(viii) Monitoring and evaluation of the achievement of program goals and the program's effectiveness.

(ix) Continued interdisciplinary education in order to promote effective drug court planning, implementation, and operation.

(x) The forging of partnerships among other drug courts, public agencies, and community-based organizations to generate local support.

(d) "Participant" means an individual who is admitted into a drug treatment court.

(e) "Prosecutor" means the prosecuting attorney of the county, the city attorney, the village attorney, or the township attorney.

(f) "Traffic offense" means a violation of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.1 to 257.923, or a violation of a local ordinance substantially corresponding to a violation of that act, that involves the operation of a vehicle and, at the time of the violation, is a felony or misdemeanor.

(g) "Violent offender" means an individual who is currently charged with or has pled guilty to, or, if the individual is a juvenile, is currently alleged to have committed or has admitted responsibility for, an offense involving the death of or serious bodily injury to any individual, whether or not any of the circumstances are an element of the offense, or an offense that is criminal sexual conduct of any degree.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2006, Act 620, Imd. Eff. Jan. 3, 2007 ;-- Am. 2017, Act 161, Eff. Feb. 11, 2018

600.1061 Repealed. 1974, Act 297, Eff. Apr. 1, 1975.

Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to protections provided by circuit court commissioners for infants and mentally incompetent persons.

600.1062 Drug treatment court; adoption by circuit or district court; memorandum of understanding; parties; adoption of juvenile drug treatment court by family division of circuit court; training; transfer of participant from other jurisdiction; certification by state court administrative office.

Sec. 1062.

(1) The circuit court in any judicial circuit or the district court in any judicial district may adopt or institute a drug treatment court, pursuant to statute or court rules. However, if the drug treatment court will include in its program individuals who may be eligible for discharge and dismissal of an offense, delayed sentence, or deviation from the sentencing guidelines, the circuit or district court shall not adopt or institute the drug treatment court unless the circuit or district court enters into a memorandum of understanding with each participating prosecuting attorney in the circuit or district court district, a representative of the criminal defense bar, and a representative or representatives of community treatment providers. The memorandum of understanding also may include other parties considered necessary, such as any other prosecutor in the circuit or district court district, local law enforcement, the probation departments in that circuit or district, the local substance abuse coordinating agency for that circuit or district, a domestic violence service provider program that receives funding from the state domestic and sexual violence prevention and treatment board, and community corrections agencies in that circuit or district. The memorandum of understanding must describe the role of each party.

(2) The family division of circuit court in any judicial circuit may adopt or institute a juvenile drug treatment court, pursuant to statute or court rules. However, if the drug treatment court will include in its program individuals who may be eligible for discharge or dismissal of an offense, or a delayed sentence, the family division of circuit court shall not adopt or institute a juvenile drug treatment court unless the family division of circuit court enters into a memorandum of understanding with each participating county prosecuting attorney in the circuit or district court district, a representative of the criminal defense bar specializing in juvenile law, and a representative or representatives of community treatment providers. The memorandum of understanding also may include other parties considered necessary, such as any other prosecutor in the circuit or district court district, local law enforcement, the probation departments in that circuit, the local substance abuse coordinating agency for that circuit, a domestic violence service provider program that receives funding from the state domestic and sexual violence prevention and treatment board, and community corrections agencies in that circuit. The memorandum of understanding must describe the role of each party. A juvenile drug treatment court is subject to the same procedures and requirements provided in this chapter for drug treatment courts created under subsection (1), except as specifically provided otherwise in this chapter.

(3) A court that is adopting a drug treatment court shall participate in training as required by the state court administrative office and the Bureau of Justice Assistance of the United States Department of Justice.

(4) A court that has adopted a drug treatment court under this section may accept participants from any other jurisdiction in this state based upon either the residence of the participant in the receiving jurisdiction or the unavailability of a drug treatment court in the jurisdiction where the participant is charged. The transfer is not valid unless it is agreed to by all of the following:

(a) The defendant or respondent.

(b) The attorney representing the defendant or respondent.

(d) The judge of the receiving drug treatment court and the prosecutor of a court funding unit of the drug treatment court.

(5) Beginning January 1, 2018, a drug treatment court operating in this state, or a circuit court in any judicial circuit or the district court in any judicial district seeking to adopt or institute a drug treatment court, must be certified by the state court administrative office. The state court administrative office shall establish the procedure for certification. Approval and certification under this subsection of a drug treatment court by the state court administrative office is required to begin or to continue the operation of a drug treatment court under this chapter. The state court administrative office shall not recognize and include a drug treatment court that is not certified under this subsection on the statewide official list of drug treatment courts. The state court administrative office shall include a drug treatment court certified under this subsection on the statewide official list of drug treatment courts. A drug treatment court that is not certified under this subsection shall not perform any of the functions of a drug treatment court, including, but not limited to, doing any of the following:

(a) Charging a fee under section 1070.

(b) Discharging and dismissing a case as provided in section 1076.

(d) Certifying to the secretary of state that an individual is eligible to receive a restricted license under section 1084 of this act and section 304 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.304.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2006, Act 620, Imd. Eff. Jan. 3, 2007 ;-- Am. 2010, Act 177, Imd. Eff. Sept. 30, 2010 ;-- Am. 2017, Act 161, Eff. Feb. 11, 2018

600.1063 Hiring or contracting with treatment providers.

Sec. 1063.

A drug treatment court may hire or contract with licensed or accredited treatment providers, in consultation and cooperation with the local substance abuse coordinating agency, and other such appropriate persons to assist the drug treatment court in fulfilling its requirements under this chapter, such as the investigation of an individual's background or circumstances, or the clinical evaluation of an individual, for his or her admission into or participation in a drug treatment court.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005

600.1064 Admission to drug treatment court; confidentiality of information obtained from preadmission screening and evaluation assessment; criminal history contained in L.E.I.N.

Sec. 1064.

(1) Each drug treatment court shall determine whether an individual may be admitted to the drug treatment court. An individual does not have a right to be admitted into a drug treatment court. Unless the drug treatment court judge and the prosecuting attorney, in consultation with any known victim in the instant case, consent, a violent offender must not be admitted into a drug treatment court. An individual must not be admitted to a drug treatment court if either of the following applies:

(a) The individual is currently charged with or, if the individual is a juvenile, is currently alleged to have committed first degree murder in violation of section 316 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.316, criminal sexual conduct in the first, second, or third degree in violation of section 520b, 520c, or 520d of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.520b, 750.520c, and 750.520d, or child sexually abusive activity in violation of section 145c of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.145c.

(b) The individual has been convicted of or, if the individual is a juvenile, found responsible for first degree murder in violation of section 316 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.316, or criminal sexual conduct in the first degree in violation of section 520b of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.520b.

(2) In addition to admission to a drug treatment court under this act, an individual who is eligible for admission under this act may also be admitted to a drug treatment court under any of the following circumstances:

(a) The individual has been assigned the status of youthful trainee under section 11 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.11.

(b) The individual has had criminal proceedings against him or her deferred and has been placed on probation under any of the following:

(i) Section 7411 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7411.

(ii) Section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a.

(iii) Section 350a or 430 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.350a and 750.430.

(3) To be admitted to a drug treatment court, an individual must cooperate with and complete a preadmissions screening and evaluation assessment and must agree to cooperate with any future evaluation assessment as directed by the drug treatment court. A preadmission screening and evaluation assessment must include all of the following:

(a) A complete review of the individual's criminal history, and a review of whether or not the individual has been admitted to and has participated in or is currently participating in a drug treatment court, whether admitted under this act or under section 11 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.11, section 7411 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7411, section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a, section 1 of chapter XI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771.1, section 350a of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.350a, or section 430 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.430, and the results of the individual's participation. A review of the law enforcement information network may be considered sufficient for purposes of this subdivision unless a further review is warranted. The court may accept other verifiable and reliable information from the prosecution or defense to complete its review and may require the individual to submit a statement as to whether or not the individual has previously been admitted to a drug treatment court and the results of the individual's participation in the prior program or programs.

(b) An assessment of the risk of danger or harm to the individual, others, or the community.

(c) As much as practicable, a complete review of the individual's history regarding the use or abuse of any controlled substance or alcohol and an assessment of whether the individual abuses controlled substances or alcohol or is drug or alcohol dependent. It is the intent of the legislature that this assessment should be a clinical assessment as much as practicable.

(d) A review of any special needs or circumstances of the individual that may potentially affect the individual's ability to receive substance abuse treatment and follow the court's orders.

(e) For a juvenile, an assessment of the family situation including, as much as practicable, a comparable review of any guardians or parents.

(4) Except as otherwise permitted in this act, any statement or other information obtained as a result of participating in a preadmission screening and evaluation assessment under subsection (3) is confidential and is exempt from disclosure under the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to 15.246, and must not be used in a criminal prosecution, unless it reveals criminal acts other than, or inconsistent with, personal drug use.

(5) The court may request that the department of state police provide to the court information contained in the law enforcement information network pertaining to an individual applicant's criminal history for the purposes of determining an individual's admission into the drug treatment court and general criminal history review, including whether the individual has previously been admitted to and participated in a drug treatment court under this act, or under section 11 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.11, section 7411 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7411, section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a, section 1 of chapter XI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771.1, section 350a of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.350a, or section 430 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.430, and the results of the individual's participation. The department of state police shall provide the information requested by a drug treatment court under this subsection.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2024, Act 45, Eff. Aug. 20, 2024
Compiler's Notes: Former MCL 600.1064, which pertained to signature by clerks of circuit court commissioners, was repealed by Act 297 of 1974, Eff. Apr. 1, 1975.

600.1066 Placement of findings or statement in court file.

Sec. 1066.

Before an individual is admitted into a drug treatment court, the court shall find on the record, or place a statement in the court file pertaining to, all of the following:

(a) The individual is dependent upon or abusing drugs or alcohol and is an appropriate candidate for participation in the drug treatment court.

(b) The individual understands the consequences of entering the drug treatment court and agrees to comply with all court orders and requirements of the court's program and treatment providers.

(c) The individual is not an unwarranted or substantial risk to the safety of the public or any individual, based upon the screening and assessment or other information presented to the court.

(d) Either the individual is not a violent offender or, subject to subdivisions (e) and (f), the drug treatment court judge and the prosecuting attorney, in consultation with any known victim in the instant case, consent to the violent offender being admitted to the drug treatment court.

(e) The individual is not currently charged with or, if the individual is a juvenile, is not currently alleged to have committed first degree murder, criminal sexual conduct in the first, second, or third degree, or child sexually abusive activity.

(f) The individual has never been convicted of or, if the individual is a juvenile, has never been found responsible for first degree murder or criminal sexual conduct in the first degree.

(g) The individual has completed a preadmission screening and evaluation assessment under section 1064(3) and has agreed to cooperate with any future evaluation assessment as directed by the drug treatment court.

(h) The individual meets the requirements, if applicable, under section 7411 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7411, section 11 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.11, section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a, section 1 of chapter XI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771.1, section 350a of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.350a, or section 430 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.430.

(i) The terms, conditions, and the duration of the agreement between the parties, especially as to the outcome for the participant of the drug treatment court upon successful completion by the participant or termination of participation.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2024, Act 45, Eff. Aug. 20, 2024
Compiler's Notes: Former MCL 600.1066, which pertained to appointment of bailiffs by circuit court commissioners, was repealed by Act 194 of 1972, Eff. July 1, 1975.

600.1067 Repealed. 1974, Act 297, Eff. Apr. 1, 1975.

Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to salary of circuit court commissioner.

600.1068 Individual charged in criminal case; factors for admission to drug treatment court.

Sec. 1068.

(1) If the individual being considered for admission to a drug treatment court is charged in a criminal case or, in the case of a juvenile, is alleged to have engaged in activity that would constitute a criminal act if committed by an adult, his or her admission is subject to all of the following conditions:

(a) The offense or offenses allegedly committed by the individual must be related to the abuse, illegal use, or possession of a controlled substance or alcohol.

(b) The individual, if an adult, must plead guilty to the charge or charges on the record. The individual, if a juvenile, must admit responsibility for the violation or violations that he or she is accused of having committed.

(c) The individual must waive, in writing, the right to a speedy trial, the right to representation at drug treatment court review hearings by an attorney, and, with the agreement of the prosecutor, the right to a preliminary examination.

(d) The individual must sign a written agreement to participate in the drug treatment court.

(2) In the case of an individual who will be eligible for discharge and dismissal of an offense, delayed sentence, or deviation from the sentencing guidelines, the prosecutor must approve of the admission of the individual into the drug treatment court in conformity with the memorandum of understanding under section 1062.

(3) An individual shall not be admitted to, or remain in, a drug treatment court pursuant to an agreement that would permit a discharge or dismissal of a traffic offense upon successful completion of the drug treatment court program.

(4) In addition to rights accorded a victim under the William Van Regenmorter crime victim's rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.751 to 780.834, the drug treatment court must permit any victim of the offense or offenses of which the individual is charged, any victim of a prior offense of which that individual was convicted, and members of the community in which either the offenses were committed or in which the defendant resides to submit a written statement to the court regarding the advisability of admitting the individual into the drug treatment court.

(5) An individual who has waived his or her right to a preliminary examination and has pled guilty or, in the case of a juvenile, has admitted responsibility, as part of his or her application to a drug treatment court and who is not admitted to a drug treatment court, shall be permitted to withdraw his or her plea and is entitled to a preliminary examination or, in the case of a juvenile, shall be permitted to withdraw his or her admission of responsibility.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2010, Act 177, Imd. Eff. Sept. 30, 2010

600.1070 Admission of individual into drug treatment court; requirements.

Sec. 1070.

(1) Upon admitting an individual into a drug treatment court, all of the following apply:

(a) For an individual who is admitted to a drug treatment court based upon having criminal charges currently filed against him or her, the court shall accept the plea of guilty or, in the case of a juvenile, the admission of responsibility.

(b) For an individual who pled guilty to, or admitted responsibility for, criminal charges for which he or she was admitted into the drug treatment court, the court shall do either of the following:

(i) In the case of an individual who pled guilty to an offense that is not a traffic offense and who may be eligible for discharge and dismissal pursuant to the agreement with the court and prosecutor upon successful completion of the drug treatment court program, the court shall not enter a judgment of guilt or, in the case of a juvenile, shall not enter an adjudication of responsibility.

(ii) In the case of an individual who pled guilty to a traffic offense or who pled guilty to an offense but may not be eligible for discharge and dismissal pursuant to the agreement with the court and prosecutor upon successful completion of the drug treatment court program, the court shall enter a judgment of guilt or, in the case of a juvenile, shall enter an adjudication of responsibility.

(c) Pursuant to the agreement with the individual and the prosecutor, the court may either defer further proceedings as provided in section 1 of chapter XI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771.1, or proceed to sentencing, as applicable in that case pursuant to that agreement, and place the individual on probation or other court supervision in the drug treatment court program with terms and conditions according to the agreement and as deemed necessary by the court.

(2) Unless a memorandum of understanding made pursuant to section 1088 between a receiving drug treatment court and the court of original jurisdiction provides otherwise, the original court of jurisdiction maintains jurisdiction over the drug treatment court participant as provided in this act until final disposition of the case, but not longer than the probation period fixed under section 2 of chapter XI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771.2. In the case of a juvenile participant, the court may obtain jurisdiction over any parents or guardians of the juvenile in order to assist in ensuring the juvenile's continued participation and successful completion of the drug treatment court, and may issue and enforce any appropriate and necessary order regarding the parent or guardian of a juvenile participant.

(3) The drug treatment court shall cooperate with, and act in a collaborative manner with, the prosecutor, defense counsel, treatment providers, the local substance abuse coordinating agency for that circuit or district, probation departments, and, to the extent possible, local law enforcement, the department of corrections, and community corrections agencies.

(4) The drug treatment court may require an individual admitted into the court to pay a reasonable drug court fee that is reasonably related to the cost to the court for administering the drug treatment court program as provided in the memorandum of understanding under section 1062. The clerk of the drug treatment court shall transmit the fees collected to the treasurer of the local funding unit at the end of each month.

(5) The drug treatment court may request that the department of state police provide to the court information contained in the law enforcement information network pertaining to an individual applicant's criminal history for purposes of determining the individual's compliance with all court orders. The department of state police shall provide the information requested by a drug treatment court under this subsection.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2017, Act 161, Eff. Feb. 11, 2018

600.1071 Repealed. 1972, Act 194, Eff. July 1, 1975.

Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to service of process by bailiffs.

600.1072 Monitoring, testing, and assessments to be provided to participants.

Sec. 1072.

(1) A drug treatment court shall provide a drug court participant with all of the following:

(a) Consistent, continual, and close monitoring of the participant and interaction among the court, treatment providers, probation, and the participant.

(b) Mandatory periodic and random testing for the presence of any controlled substance or alcohol in a participant's blood, urine, or breath, using to the extent practicable the best available, accepted, and scientifically valid methods.

(d) A regimen or strategy of appropriate and graduated but immediate rewards for compliance and sanctions for noncompliance, including, but not limited to, the possibility of incarceration or confinement.

(e) Substance abuse treatment services, relapse prevention services, education, and vocational opportunities as appropriate and practicable.

(2) Any statement or other information obtained as a result of participating in assessment, treatment, or testing while in a drug treatment court is confidential and is exempt from disclosure under the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to 15.246, and shall not be used in a criminal prosecution, unless it reveals criminal acts other than, or inconsistent with, personal drug use.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005
Compiler's Notes: Former MCL 600.1072, which pertained to application for appointment as bailiff, was repealed by Act 194 of 1972, Eff. July 1, 1975.

600.1073 Repealed. 1972, Act 194, Eff. July 1, 1975.

Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to eligibility, number, and vacancies of bailiffs.

600.1074 Continuing and completing drug treatment court program; requirements.

Sec. 1074.

(1) To continue to participate in and successfully complete a drug treatment court program, an individual must comply with all of the following:

(a) Pay all court ordered fines and costs, including minimum state costs.

(b) Pay the drug treatment court fee allowed under section 1070(4).

(d) Pay all crime victims' rights assessments under section 5 of 1989 PA 196, MCL 780.905.

(e) Comply with all court orders, violations of which may be sanctioned at the court's discretion.

(2) The drug treatment court must be notified if the participant is accused of a new crime, and the judge shall consider whether to terminate the participant's participation in the drug treatment program in conformity with the memorandum of understanding under section 1062. If the participant is convicted of a felony for an offense that occurred after the defendant is admitted to drug treatment court, the judge shall terminate the participant's participation in the program unless, after consultation with the treatment team and the agreement of the prosecuting attorney, the judge decides to continue the participant in the program.

(3) The court shall require that a participant pay all fines, costs, the fee, restitution, and assessments described in subsection (1)(a) to (d) and pay all, or make substantial contributions toward payment of, the costs of the treatment and the drug treatment court program services provided to the participant, including, but not limited to, the costs of urinalysis and such testing or any counseling provided. However, if the court determines that the payment of fines, the fee, or costs of treatment under this subsection would be a substantial hardship for the individual or would interfere with the individual's substance abuse treatment, the court may waive all or part of those fines, the fee, or costs of treatment.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2024, Act 14, Eff. June 10, 2024
Compiler's Notes: Former MCL 600.1074, which pertained to oath, surety bond, and powers of bailiff, was repealed by Act 194 of 1972, Eff. July 1, 1975.

600.1075 Repealed. 1972, Act 194, Eff. July 1, 1975.

Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to rotation of process among bailiffs, writs of restitution, and service of process.

600.1076 Completion or termination of drug treatment program; findings on the record or written statement in court file; applicable law; discharge and dismissal of proceedings; criteria; discharge and dismissal of domestic violence offense; circumstances; duties of court; effect of termination; court proceedings open to public; retention of nonpublic record by department of state police.

Sec. 1076.

(1) Upon completion or termination of the drug treatment court program, the court shall find on the record or place a written statement in the court file as to whether the participant completed the program successfully or whether the individual's participation in the program was terminated and, if it was terminated, the reason for the termination.

(2) For a participant who successfully completes probation or other court supervision and whose proceedings were deferred or who was sentenced under section 1070, the court shall comply with the agreement made with the participant upon admission into the drug treatment court, or the agreement as it was altered after admission by the court with approval of the participant and the prosecutor for that jurisdiction as provided in subsections (3) to (8).

(3) If an individual is participating in a drug treatment court under section 11 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.11, section 7411 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7411, section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a, or section 350a or 430 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.350a and 750.430, the court shall proceed under the applicable section of law. There may only be 1 discharge or dismissal under this subsection.

(4) Except as provided in subsection (5), the court, with the agreement of the prosecutor and in conformity with the terms and conditions of the memorandum of understanding under section 1062, may discharge and dismiss the proceedings against an individual who meets all of the following criteria:

(a) The individual has participated in a drug treatment court for the first time.

(b) The individual has successfully completed the terms and conditions of the drug treatment court program.

(c) The individual is not required by law to be sentenced to a correctional facility for the crimes to which he or she has pled guilty.

(d) The individual is not currently charged with and has not pled guilty to a traffic offense.

(e) The individual has not previously been subject to more than 1 of any of the following:

(i) Assignment to the status of youthful trainee under section 11 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.11.

(ii) The dismissal of criminal proceedings against him or her under section 7411 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7411, section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a, or section 350a or 430 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.350a and 750.430.

(5) The court may grant a discharge and dismissal of a domestic violence offense only if all of the following circumstances apply:

(a) The individual has not previously had proceedings dismissed under section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a.

(b) The domestic violence offense is eligible to be dismissed under section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a.

(c) The individual fulfills the terms and conditions imposed under section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a, and the discharge and dismissal of proceedings are processed and reported under section 4a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.4a.

(6) A discharge and dismissal under subsection (4) shall be without adjudication of guilt or, for a juvenile, without adjudication of responsibility and are not a conviction or a finding of responsibility for purposes of this section or for purposes of disqualifications or disabilities imposed by law upon conviction of a crime or, for a juvenile, a finding of responsibility. There may only be 1 discharge and dismissal under subsection (4) for an individual. The court shall send a record of the discharge and dismissal to the criminal justice information center of the department of state police, and the department of state police shall enter that information into the law enforcement information network with an indication of participation by the individual in a drug treatment court. All records of the proceedings regarding the participation of the individual in the drug treatment court under subsection (4) are closed to public inspection, and are exempt from public disclosure under the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to 15.246.

(7) Except as provided in subsection (3), (4), or (5), if an individual has successfully completed probation or other court supervision, the court shall do the following:

(a) If the court has not already entered an adjudication of guilt or responsibility, enter an adjudication of guilt or, in the case of a juvenile, enter a finding or adjudication of responsibility.

(b) If the court has not already sentenced the individual, proceed to sentencing or, in the case of a juvenile, disposition pursuant to the agreement.

(c) Send a record of the conviction and sentence or the finding or adjudication of responsibility and disposition to the criminal justice information center of the department of state police. The department of state police shall enter that information into the law enforcement information network with an indication of successful participation by the individual in a drug treatment court.

(8) For a participant whose participation is terminated or who fails to successfully complete the drug treatment court program, the court shall enter an adjudication of guilt, or, in the case of a juvenile, a finding of responsibility, if the entering of guilt or adjudication of responsibility was deferred under section 1070, and shall then proceed to sentencing or disposition of the individual for the original charges to which the individual pled guilty or, if a juvenile, to which the juvenile admitted responsibility prior to admission to the drug treatment court. Upon sentencing or disposition of the individual, the court shall send a record of that sentence or disposition and the individual's unsuccessful participation in the drug treatment court to the criminal justice information center of the department of state police, and the department of state police shall enter that information into the law enforcement information network, with an indication that the individual unsuccessfully participated in a drug treatment court.

(9) All court proceedings under this section shall be open to the public. Except as provided in subsection (10), if the record of proceedings as to the defendant is deferred under this section, the record of proceedings during the period of deferral shall be closed to public inspection.

(10) Unless the court enters a judgment of guilt or an adjudication of responsibility under this section, the department of state police shall retain a nonpublic record of the arrest, court proceedings, and disposition of the criminal charge under this section. However, the nonpublic record shall be open to the following individuals and entities for the purposes noted:

(a) The courts of this state, law enforcement personnel, the department of corrections, and prosecuting attorneys for use only in the performance of their duties or to determine whether an employee of the court, law enforcement agency, department of corrections, or prosecutor's office has violated his or her conditions of employment or whether an applicant meets criteria for employment with the court, law enforcement agency, department of corrections, or prosecutor's office.

(b) The courts of this state, law enforcement personnel, and prosecuting attorneys for the purpose of showing that a defendant has already once availed himself or herself of this section.

(c) The department of human services for enforcing child protection laws and vulnerable adult protection laws or ascertaining the preemployment criminal history of any individual who will be engaged in the enforcement of child protection laws or vulnerable adult protection laws.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2012, Act 547, Eff. Apr. 1, 2013 ;-- Am. 2013, Act 221, Eff. Jan. 1, 2014
Compiler's Notes: Former MCL 600.1076, which pertained to meetings, records of appointments and removals of bailiffs, and records of rules, regulations, and actions of circuit court commissioners, was repealed by Act 194 of 1972, Eff. July 1, 1975.

600.1077 Repealed. 1972, Act 194, Eff. July 1, 1975.

Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to bailiffs as peace officers.

600.1078 Collection and maintenance of information.

Sec. 1078.

(1) Each drug treatment court shall collect and provide data on each individual applicant and participant and the entire program as required by the state court administrative office.

(2) Each drug treatment court shall maintain files or databases on each individual applicant or referral who is denied or refused admission to the program, including the reasons for the denial or rejection, the criminal history of the applicant, the preadmission evaluation and assessment, and other demographic information as required by the state court administrative office.

(3) Each drug treatment court shall maintain files or databases on each individual participant in the program for review and evaluation as well as treatment, as directed by the state court administrative office. The information collected for evaluation purposes must include a minimum standard data set developed and specified by the state court administrative office. This information should be maintained in the court files or otherwise accessible by the courts and the state court administrative office and, as much as practicable, should include all of the following:

(a) Location and contact information for each individual participant, both upon admission and termination or completion of the program for follow-up reviews, and third party contact information.

(b) Significant transition point dates, including dates of referral, enrollment, new court orders, violations, detentions, changes in services or treatments provided, discharge for completion or termination, any provision of after-care, and after-program recidivism.

(c) The individual's precipitating offenses and significant factual information, source of referral, and all drug treatment court evaluations and assessments.

(d) Treatments provided, including intensity of care or dosage, and their outcomes.

(e) Other services or opportunities provided to the individual and resulting use by the individual, such as education or employment and the participation of and outcome for that individual.

(f) Reasons for discharge, completion, or termination of the program.

(4) As directed by the state court administrative office, after an individual is discharged either upon completion or termination of the program, the drug treatment court should conduct, as much as practicable, follow-up contacts with and reviews of participants for key outcome indicators, such as drug use, recidivism, and employment, as frequently and for a period of time determined by the state court administrative office based upon the nature of the drug treatment court and the nature of the participant. These follow-up contacts and reviews of former participants are not extensions of the court's jurisdiction over the individuals.

(5) Each drug treatment court shall provide to the state court administrative office all information requested by the state court administrative office.

(6) With the approval and at the discretion of the supreme court, the state court administrative office shall be responsible for evaluating and collecting data on the performance of drug treatment courts in this state as follows:

(a) The state court administrative office shall provide an annual review of the performance of drug treatment courts in this state to the minority and majority party leaders in the senate and house of representatives, the state drug treatment court advisory board created under section 1082, the governor, and the supreme court.

(b) The state court administrative office shall provide standards for drug treatment courts in this state including, but not limited to, developing a list of approved measurement instruments and indicators for data collection and evaluation. These standards must provide comparability between programs and their outcomes.

(c) The state court administrative office's evaluation plans should include appropriate and scientifically valid research designs, which, as soon as practicable, should include the use of comparison and control groups.

(7) The information collected under this section regarding individual applicants to drug treatment court programs for the purpose of application to that program and participants who have successfully completed drug treatment courts shall be exempt from disclosure under the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to 15.246.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005

600.1080 Disposition of funds.

Sec. 1080.

(1) The supreme court is responsible for the expenditure of state funds for the establishment and operation of drug treatment courts. Federal funds provided to the state for the operation of drug treatment courts shall be distributed by the department of community health or the appropriate state agency as otherwise provided by law.

(2) The state treasurer may receive money or other assets from any source for deposit into the appropriate state fund or funds for the purposes described in subsection (1).

(3) Each drug treatment court shall report quarterly to the state court administrative office on the funds received and expended by that drug treatment court, in a manner prescribed by the state court administrative office.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005

600.1082 Drug treatment court advisory committee.

Sec. 1082.

(1) A state drug treatment court advisory committee is created in the legislative council. The state drug treatment court advisory committee consists of the following members:

(a) The state court administrator or the state court administrator's designee.

(b) Eighteen members appointed jointly by the speaker of the house of representatives and the senate majority leader, as follows:

(i) A circuit court judge who has presided for at least 2 years over a drug treatment court.

(ii) A district court judge who has presided for at least 2 years over a drug treatment court.

(iii) A judge of the family division of circuit court who has presided for at least 2 years over a juvenile drug treatment court program.

(iv) A circuit or district court judge who has presided for at least 2 years over an alcohol treatment court.

(v) A circuit or district court judge who has presided over a veterans treatment court.

(vi) A circuit court judge who has presided over a family treatment court.

(vii) A court administrator who has worked for at least 2 years with a drug or alcohol treatment court.

(viii) A prosecuting attorney who has worked for at least 2 years with a drug or alcohol treatment court.

(ix) An individual representing law enforcement in a jurisdiction that has had a drug or alcohol treatment court for at least 2 years.

(x) An individual representing drug treatment providers who has worked at least 2 years with a drug or alcohol treatment court.

(xi) An individual representing criminal defense attorneys, who has worked for at least 2 years with drug or alcohol treatment courts.

(xii) An individual who has successfully completed a drug treatment court program.

(xiii) An individual who has successfully completed a juvenile drug treatment court program.

(xiv) An individual who is an advocate for the rights of crime victims.

(xv) An individual representing the Michigan Association of Drug Court Professionals.

(xvi) An individual who is a probation officer and has worked for at least 2 years for a drug or alcohol treatment court.

(xvii) An individual representing a substance abuse coordinating agency.

(xviii) An individual representing domestic violence service provider programs that receive funding from the state domestic violence prevention and treatment board.

(2) Members of the advisory committee shall serve without compensation. However, members of the advisory committee may be reimbursed for their actual and necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as members of the advisory committee.

(3) Members of the advisory committee shall serve for terms of 4 years each, except that the members first appointed shall serve terms as follows:

(a) The members appointed under subsection (1)(b)(i) to (vii) shall serve terms of 4 years each.

(b) The members appointed under subsection (1)(b)(viii) to (xii) shall serve terms of 3 years each.

(4) If a vacancy occurs in an appointed membership on the advisory committee, the appointing authority shall make an appointment for the unexpired term in the same manner as the original appointment.

(5) The appointing authority may remove an appointed member of the advisory committee for incompetency, dereliction of duty, malfeasance, misfeasance, or nonfeasance in office, or any other good cause.

(6) The first meeting of the advisory committee must be called by the speaker of the house of representatives and the senate majority leader. At the first meeting, the advisory committee shall elect from among its members a chairperson and other officers as it considers necessary or appropriate. After the first meeting, the advisory committee shall meet at least quarterly, or more frequently at the call of the chairperson or if requested by 9 or more members.

(7) A majority of the members of the advisory committee constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of the advisory committee. A majority of the members present and serving are required for official action of the advisory committee.

(8) The business that the advisory committee may perform must be conducted at a public meeting of the advisory committee held in compliance with the open meetings act, 1976 PA 267, MCL 15.261 to 15.275.

(9) A writing prepared, owned, used, in the possession of, or retained by the advisory committee in the performance of an official function is subject to the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to 15.246.

(10) The advisory committee shall monitor the effectiveness of drug treatment courts, family treatment courts, and veterans treatment courts and the availability of funding for those courts and shall present annual recommendations to the legislature and supreme court regarding proposed statutory changes regarding those courts.

History: Add. 2004, Act 224, Eff. Jan. 1, 2005 ;-- Am. 2012, Act 334, Imd. Eff. Oct. 16, 2012 ;-- Am. 2024, Act 15, Imd. Eff. Mar. 12, 2024

600.1084 DWI/sobriety court and the specialty court interlock program; certification of DWI/sobriety court by state court administrative office; consideration for placement; documentation of compliance with conditions; restricted license; informing secretary of state of certain occurrences; summary revocation or suspension of restricted license; definitions.

Sec. 1084.

(1) The DWI/sobriety court and the specialty court interlock program are created under this section.

(2) All DWI/sobriety courts shall comply with the 10 guiding principles of DWI courts as promulgated by the National Center for DWI Courts.

(3) A DWI/sobriety court operating in this state, or a circuit court in any judicial circuit or the district court in any judicial district seeking to adopt or institute a DWI/sobriety court, must be certified by the state court administrative office in the same manner as required for a drug treatment court under section 1062(5). A DWI/sobriety court shall not perform any of the functions of a DWI/sobriety court, including, but not limited to, the functions of a drug treatment court described in section 1062(5) unless the court has been certified by the state court administrative office as provided in section 1062(5).

(4) In order to be considered for placement in the program, an individual must have been convicted of either of the following:

(a) Two or more convictions for violating section 625(1) or (3) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625, or a local ordinance of this state substantially corresponding to section 625(1) or (3) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625.

(b) One conviction for violating section 625(1) or (3) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625, or a local ordinance of this state substantially corresponding to section 625(1) or (3) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625, preceded by 1 or more convictions for violating a local ordinance or law of another state substantially corresponding to section 625(1), (3), or (6) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625, or a law of the United States substantially corresponding to section 625(1), (3), or (6) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625.

(5) Each year, all specialty courts that participate in the specialty court interlock program, in cooperation with the state court administrative office, shall provide to the legislature, the secretary of state, and the supreme court documentation as to participants' compliance with court ordered conditions. Best practices available must be used in the research in question, as resources allow, so as to provide statistically reliable data as to the impact of the program on public safety and the improvement of life conditions for participants. The topics documented must include, but not be limited to, all of the following:

(a) The percentage of those participants ordered to place interlock devices on their vehicles who actually comply with the order.

(b) The percentage of participants who remove court-ordered interlocks from their vehicles without court approval.

(d) The percentage of participants found to have tampered with court-ordered interlocks.

(e) The percentage of participants who operated a motor vehicle not equipped with an interlock.

(f) Relevant treatment information as to participants.

(g) The percentage of participants convicted of a new offense under section 625(1) or (3) of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625.

(h) Any other information found to be relevant.

(6) Before the secretary of state issues a restricted license to a program participant under section 304 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.304, the specialty court judge shall certify to the secretary of state that the individual seeking the restricted license has been admitted into the program and that an interlock device has been installed on each motor vehicle owned or operated, or both, by the individual.

(7) If any of the following occur, the specialty court judge shall immediately inform the secretary of state of that occurrence:

(a) The court orders that a program participant be removed from the specialty court program before he or she successfully completes it.

(b) The court becomes aware that a program participant operates a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an interlock device or that a program participant tampers with, circumvents, or removes a court-ordered interlock device without prior court approval.

(c) A program participant is charged with a new violation of section 625 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.625.

(8) The receipt of notification by the secretary of state under subsection (7) must result in summary revocation or suspension of the restricted license under section 304 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.304.

(9) As used in this section:

(a) "DWI/sobriety court" means the specialized court docket and programs established within judicial circuits and districts throughout this state that are designed to reduce recidivism among alcohol offenders and that comply with the 10 guiding principles of DWI courts as promulgated by the National Center for DWI Courts.

(b) "Ignition interlock device" means that term as defined in section 20d of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.20d.

(d) "Specialty court" means any of the following:

(i) A drug treatment court.

(ii) A DWI/sobriety court.

(iii) A hybrid of the programs under subparagraphs (i) and (ii).

(iv) A mental health court, as that term is defined in section 1090.

(v) A veterans treatment court, as that term is defined in section 1200.

History: Add. 2010, Act 154, Imd. Eff. Sept. 2, 2010 ;-- Am. 2013, Act 227, Imd. Eff. Dec. 26, 2013 ;-- Am. 2017, Act 161, Eff. Feb. 11, 2018 ;-- Am. 2023, Act 124, Imd. Eff. Sept. 19, 2023

600.1086 Swift and sure sanctions court; adoption or institution by circuit court; statute or court rule; purposes; participants from other jurisdiction; validity of transfer.

Sec. 1086.

(1) The circuit court in any judicial circuit may adopt or institute a swift and sure sanctions court, by statute or court rule.

(2) A swift and sure sanctions court shall carry out the purposes of the swift and sure sanctions act, chapter XIA of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771A.1 to 771A.8.

(3) A circuit court that has adopted a swift and sure sanctions court may accept participants from any other jurisdiction in this state based upon either the residence of the participant in the receiving jurisdiction or the unavailability of a swift and sure sanctions court in the jurisdiction where the participant is charged. The transfer is not valid unless it is agreed to by all of the following individuals:

(a) The defendant or respondent.

(b) The attorney representing the defendant or respondent.

(d) The judge of the receiving swift and sure sanctions court and the prosecutor of a court funding unit of the swift and sure sanctions court.

History: Add. 2017, Act 18, Eff. June 29, 2017

600.1088 Transfer of case to another court.

Sec. 1088.

(1) Beginning January 1, 2018, a case may be transferred totally from 1 court to another court for the defendant's participation in a state-certified treatment court. A total transfer may occur prior to or after adjudication, but must not be consummated until the completion and execution of a memorandum of understanding that must include, but need not be limited to, all of the following:

(a) A detailed statement of how all funds assessed to defendant will be accounted for, including, but not necessarily limited to, the need for a receiving state-certified treatment court to collect funds and remit them to the court of original jurisdiction.

(b) A statement providing which court is responsible for providing information to the department of state police, as required under section 3 of 1925 PA 289, MCL 28.243, and forwarding an abstract to the secretary of state for inclusion on the defendant's driving record.

(d) A statement that the defendant has been determined eligible by and will be accepted into the state-certified treatment court upon transfer.

(e) The approval of all of the following:

(i) The chief judge and assigned judge of the receiving state-certified treatment court and the court of original jurisdiction.

(ii) A prosecuting attorney from the receiving state-certified treatment court and the court of original jurisdiction.

(iii) The defendant.

(2) As used in this section, "state-certified treatment court" includes the treatment courts certified by the state court administrative office as provided in section 1062, 1084, 1091, 1099c, or 1201.

History: Add. 2017, Act 161, Eff. Feb. 11, 2018 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 591, Eff. Mar. 28, 2019

Rendered 8/15/2025 1:13 AM
Michigan Compiled Laws Complete Through PA 5 of 2025
Courtesy of legislature.mi.gov