This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Michigan planning enabling act".

    As used in this act:

    (a) "Chief administrative official" means the manager or other highest nonelected administrative official of a city or village.

    (b) "Chief elected official" means the mayor of a city, the president of a village, the supervisor of a township, or, subject to section 5, the chairperson of the county board of commissioners of a county.

    (c) "County board of commissioners", subject to section 5, means the elected county board of commissioners, except that, as used in sections 39 and 41, county board of commissioners means 1 of the following:

    (i) A committee of the county board of commissioners, if the county board of commissioners delegates its powers and duties under this act to the committee.

    (ii) The regional planning commission for the region in which the county is located, if the county board of commissioners delegates its powers and duties under this act to the regional planning commission.

    (d) "Ex officio member", in reference to a planning commission, means a member, with full voting rights unless otherwise provided by charter, who serves on the planning commission by virtue of holding another office, for the term of that other office.

    (e) "Legislative body" means the county board of commissioners of a county, the board of trustees of a township, or the council or other elected governing body of a city or village.

    (f) "Local unit of government" or "local unit" means a county or municipality.

    (g) "Master plan" means either of the following:

    (i) As provided in section 81(1), any plan adopted or amended before September 1, 2008 under a planning act repealed under section 85.

    (ii) Any plan adopted or amended under this act. This includes, but is not limited to, a plan prepared by a planning commission authorized by this act and used to satisfy the requirement of section 203(1) of the Michigan zoning enabling act, 2006 PA 110, MCL 125.3203, regardless of whether it is entitled a master plan, basic plan, county plan, development plan, guide plan, land use plan, municipal plan, township plan, plan, or any other term.

    (h) "Municipality" or "municipal" means or refers to a city, village, or township.

    (i) "Planning commission" means either of the following, as applicable:

    (i) A planning commission created pursuant to section 11(1).

    (ii) A planning commission retained pursuant to section 81(2) or (3), subject to the limitations on the application of this act provided in section 81(2) and (3).

    (j) "Planning jurisdiction" for a county, city, or village refers to the areas encompassed by the legal boundaries of that county, city, or village, subject to section 31(1). Planning jurisdiction for a township refers to the areas encompassed by the legal boundaries of that township outside of the areas of incorporated villages and cities, subject to section 31(1).

    (k) "Population" means the population according to the most recent federal decennial census or according to a special census conducted under section 7 of the Glenn Steil state revenue sharing act of 1971, 1971 PA 140, MCL 141.907, whichever is the more recent.

    (l) "Public transportation agency" means a governmental entity that operates or is authorized to operate intercity or local commuter passenger rail service in this state or a public transit authority created under 1 of the following acts:

    (i) The metropolitan transportation authorities act of 1967, 1967 PA 204, MCL 124.401 to 124.426.

    (ii) The public transportation authority act, 1986 PA 196, MCL 124.451 to 124.479.

    (iii) 1963 PA 55, MCL 124.351 to 124.359.

    (iv) The home rule city act, 1909 PA 279, MCL 117.1 to 117.38.

    (v) The revenue bond act of 1933, 1933 PA 94, MCL 141.101 to 141.140.

    (vi) The charter township act, 1947 PA 359, MCL 42.1 to 42.34.

    (vii) The urban cooperation act of 1967, 1967 (Ex Sess) PA 7, MCL 124.501 to 124.512.

    (m) "Public transportation facility" means that term as defined in section 2 of the metropolitan transportation authorities act of 1967, 1967 PA 204, MCL 124.402.

    (n) "Street" means a street, avenue, boulevard, highway, road, lane, alley, viaduct, or other public way intended for use by motor vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, and other legal users.

    The assignment of a power or duty under this act to a county officer or body is subject to 1966 PA 293, MCL 45.501 to 45.521, or 1973 PA 139, MCL 45.551 to 45.573, in a county organized under 1 of those acts.

    (1) A local unit of government may adopt, amend, and implement a master plan as provided in this act.

    (2) The general purpose of a master plan is to guide and accomplish, in the planning jurisdiction and its environs, development that satisfies all of the following criteria:

    (a) Is coordinated, adjusted, harmonious, efficient, and economical.

    (b) Considers the character of the planning jurisdiction and its suitability for particular uses, judged in terms of such factors as trends in land and population development.

    (c) Will, in accordance with present and future needs, best promote public health, safety, morals, order, convenience, prosperity, and general welfare.

    (d) Includes, among other things, promotion of or adequate provision for 1 or more of the following:

    (i) A system of transportation to lessen congestion on streets and provide for safe and efficient movement of people and goods by motor vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, and other legal users.

    (ii) Safety from fire and other dangers.

    (iii) Light and air.

    (iv) Healthful and convenient distribution of population.

    (v) Good civic design and arrangement and wise and efficient expenditure of public funds.

    (vi) Public utilities such as sewage disposal and water supply and other public improvements.

    (vii) Recreation.

    (viii) The use of resources in accordance with their character and adaptability.

    (ix) A range of housing types, costs, affordability, attainability, ages, and other characteristics, including single- and multiple-family dwellings, to serve the housing demands of a diverse population.