(1) The department may impose an administrative fine against a permittee or other person who violates a permit condition or a provision of this part. If the department issues a cease and desist order with respect to a violation, an administrative fine shall be assessed. An administrative fine shall not exceed $5,000.00 for each violation, except that each day a violation continues may be considered a separate violation. In determining the amount of the administrative fine, the department shall consider the permittee's history of previous violations at the particular surface coal mining operation; the seriousness of the violation, including any pollution, impairment, or destruction to the environment and any hazard to the health or safety of the public; whether the permittee or person was indifferent or lacked diligence or reasonable care; and the demonstrated good faith of the permittee or person charged in attempting to achieve compliance after notification of the violation.

    (2) An administrative fine shall be assessed only after the person charged with a violation described under subsection (1) has been given an opportunity for a public hearing. A hearing conducted under this section shall be conducted pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, Act No. 306 of the Public Acts of 1969, being sections 24.201 to 24.328 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.

    (3) The department shall inform the permittee and any other person charged within 30 days after the issuance of a notice or order charging that a violation of this part has occurred of the proposed amount of the administrative fine. The person charged with the violation then has 30 days to pay the proposed fine in full or, if the person wishes to contest either the amount of the fine or the fact of the violation, forward the proposed amount to the department for placement in an escrow account. If, through administrative or judicial review of the proposed fine, it is determined that a violation did not occur or that the amount of the fine should be reduced, the department, within 30 days, shall remit the appropriate amount to the person with interest at 12% per year. Failure to forward the money to the department within 30 days after the issuance of the notice or order will result in a waiver of all legal rights to contest the violation or the amount of the fine.

    (4) An administrative fine imposed under this part may be recovered in a civil action brought by the attorney general at the request of the department.

    (5) A person who willfully and knowingly violates a condition of a permit issued pursuant to this part or fails or refuses to comply with an order issued under this part, or an order incorporated in a final decision issued by the department under this part, except an order incorporated in a decision issued under subsection (2) or section 63541, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than 1 year, or a fine of not more than $10,000.00, or both.

    (6) A permittee or person who fails to correct a violation for which a notice or order has been issued under subsection (1) within the period permitted for its correction, which period shall not end until the entry of a final order by the department, in the case of any review proceedings initiated by the permittee in which the department orders the suspension of the abatement requirements of the notice or order after determining that the permittee will suffer irreparable loss or damage from the application of those requirements, or until the entry of an order of the court, in the case of any review proceedings initiated by the permittee in which the court orders the suspension of an abatement requirement of the citation, shall be assessed a civil fine of not less than $750.00 for each day during which the failure or violation continues.

    (7) If a corporate permittee or person violates a condition of a permit issued pursuant to a state program under section 63524 or fails or refuses to comply with any order issued under section 63539, or any order incorporated in a final decision issued by the department under this part, except an order incorporated in a decision issued under subsection (2), then a director, officer, or agent of the corporation who willfully and knowingly authorized, ordered, or carried out the violation, failure, or refusal is subject to the same fines and imprisonment that may be imposed on a person under subsections (1) and (5).

    (8) A person who knowingly makes a false statement, representation, or certification, or who knowingly fails to make a statement, representation, or certification in an application, record, report, or other document filed or required to be maintained pursuant to a state program or this part or any order of decision issued by the department under this part, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than 1 year, or a fine of not more than $10,000.00, or both.

    (1) Except as provided in subsections (2) and (3), a person having an interest that is or may be adversely affected by an operation not in compliance with a permit or this part may commence a civil action in circuit court or federal district court, whichever has jurisdiction, on his or her own behalf to compel compliance against any of the following:

    (a) The department or other state agency if there is alleged a failure of the department or other state agency to perform any act or duty under this part that is not discretionary with the department or other state regulatory authority.

    (b) Any governmental instrumentality or agency of the United States that is alleged to be in violation of this part or of any rule, order, or permit issued pursuant to this part or any other person who is alleged to be in violation of any rule, order, or permit issued pursuant to this part.

    (2) An action shall not be commenced under subsection (1)(a) until 20 days after the person intending to bring the action has given notice in writing of the intent to commence a civil action to the department or other state regulatory authority in the manner as the department shall by rule prescribe, except that the action may be brought immediately after the notification if the violation or order complained of constitutes an imminent threat to the health or safety of the plaintiff or would immediately affect a legal interest of the plaintiff.

    (3) An action shall not be commenced under subsection (1)(b) until 20 days after the person intending to bring the action has given notice in writing of the violation to the department and to any alleged violator. However, if this state has commenced and is diligently prosecuting a civil action in a court of this state or the United States to require compliance with the provisions of this part, or any rule, order, or permit issued pursuant to this part, an action shall not be commenced pursuant to subsection (1)(b). In a civil action brought under this section, the department or federal regulatory agency, if not a party, may intervene as a matter of right.

    (4) The circuit court, in an action brought pursuant to this section, may award costs of litigation, including attorney and expert witness fees to a party. The court may, if a temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction is sought, require the filing of a bond or equivalent security.

    (5) This section shall not be construed to restrict any right that a person or class of persons has under any statute or common law to seek enforcement of this part and the rules promulgated under this part, or to seek any other relief, including relief against the department.

    (1) If the department determines, on the basis of an inspection, that a condition exists or practices exist or that a person or permittee is in violation of a requirement of this part or a permit condition required by this part and that this condition, practice, or violation also creates an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public or is causing or can reasonably be expected to cause pollution, impairment, or destruction to land, air, or water resources, the department shall immediately order a cessation of surface coal mining operations or the portion of surface coal mining operations relevant to the condition, practice, or violation. The cessation order shall remain in effect until the department determines that the condition, practice, or violation has been abated, or until modified, vacated, or terminated by the department pursuant to subsection (8). If the department finds that the ordered cessation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations, or any portion of those operations, will not completely abate the imminent danger to health or safety of the public or the pollution, impairment, or destruction to land, air, or water resources, the department shall, in addition to the cessation order, impose affirmative obligations on the operator requiring the operator to take those actions the department considers necessary to abate the imminent danger or the pollution, impairment, or destruction.

    (2) If the department determines, on the basis of an inspection, that a permittee is in violation of a requirement of this part or a permit condition required by this part, but the violation does not create an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public or is not causing or reasonably expected to cause pollution, impairment, or destruction to land, air, or water resources, the department shall issue a notice to the permittee setting a reasonable time not to exceed 90 days for the abatement of the violation. If, on expiration of the period of time as originally set or subsequently extended for good cause shown, and on written finding of the department, the department finds that the violation has not been abated, it shall immediately order a cessation of surface coal mining operations or the portion of surface coal mining operations relevant to the violation. The cessation order shall remain in effect until the department determines that the violation has been abated or until modified, vacated, or terminated by the department under subsection (9). In the order of cessation issued by the department under this subsection, the department shall specify the steps necessary to abate the violation in the most expeditious manner possible, and shall include the necessary measures in the order.

    (3) A permittee issued notice or order by the department pursuant to subsections (1) and (2), or any person having an interest that is or may be adversely affected by the notice or order or by any modification, vacation, or termination of the notice or order, may apply to the department for review of the notice or order within 30 days of issuance of the notice or order or within 30 days of its modification, vacation, or termination. On receipt of the application, the department shall conduct an investigation. The investigation shall provide an opportunity for a public hearing, at the request of the applicant or the person having an interest that is or may be adversely affected, to enable the applicant or the person to present information relating to the issuance and continuance of the notice or order or the modification, vacation, or termination of the notice or order. The filing of an application for review under this subsection shall not operate as a stay of any order or notice. A hearing conducted under this subsection shall be conducted pursuant to chapter 4 of the administrative procedures act of 1969, Act No. 306 of the Public Acts of 1969, being sections 24.271 to 24.287 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.

    (4) On receiving the report of the investigation, the department shall make findings of fact and shall issue a written decision incorporating in the decision an order vacating, affirming, modifying, or terminating the notice or order or the modification, vacation, or termination of the notice or order complained of and incorporate its findings therein. If the application for review concerns an order for cessation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations issued pursuant to subsection (1) or (2), the department shall issue the written decision within 30 days of the receipt of the application for review unless temporary relief has been granted by the department under subsection (5).

    (5) Pending completion of the investigation and hearing required by this section, the applicant may file with the department a written request that the department grant temporary relief from any notice or order issued under this section, together with a detailed statement giving reasons for granting the relief. The department shall issue an order or decision granting or denying the relief, except that if the applicant requests relief from an order for cessation of coal mining and reclamation operations issued under subsection (3) or (4), the order or decision on the request shall be issued within 5 days of its receipt. The department may grant the relief, under conditions it may prescribe, if all of the following requirements are met:

    (a) A hearing has been held in the locality of the permit area on the request for temporary relief in which interested parties were given an opportunity to be heard.

    (b) The applicant shows that there is a substantial likelihood that the findings of the department will be favorable to the applicant.

    (c) The relief will not adversely affect the health or safety of the public or cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources.

    (6) Following the issuance of an order to show cause as to why a permit should not be suspended or revoked under this section, the department shall hold a public hearing after giving written notice of the time, place, and date of the hearing. The hearing shall be conducted pursuant to chapters 4 and 5 of the administrative procedures act of 1969, Act No. 306 of the Public Acts of 1969, being sections 24.271 to 24.292 of the Michigan Compiled Laws. If the department revokes the permit, the permittee shall immediately cease surface coal mining operations on the permit area and shall complete reclamation within a period specified by the department, or the department shall declare as forfeited the performance bonds for the operation.

    (7) If an order is issued under this section, or as a result of any administrative proceeding under this part, at the request of any person, a sum equal to the aggregate amount of all costs and expenses, including attorney fees, as determined by the department to have been reasonably incurred by the person for or in connection with his or her participation in the proceedings, may be assessed against either party as the department considers proper, or as the court, for costs and attorneys' fees resulting from judicial review, considers proper.

    (8) If the department has reason to believe, on the basis of an inspection, that a pattern of violations of any requirements of this part or any permit conditions required by this part exists or has existed, and if the department or its authorized representative also finds that these violations are caused by the unwarranted failure of the permittee to comply with requirements of this part or any permit conditions, or that the violations are willfully caused by the permittee, the department shall issue an order to the permittee to show cause as to why the permit should not be suspended or revoked. The order shall set a time and place for a public hearing, to be conducted pursuant to chapters 4 and 5 of the administrative procedures act of 1969, Act No. 306 of the Public Acts of 1969, and the department shall inform all interested parties of the hearing. If the permittee fails to show cause why the permit should not be suspended or revoked, the department shall promptly suspend or revoke the permit.

    (9) Notices and orders issued pursuant to this section shall set forth with reasonable specificity the nature of the violation and the remedial action required, the period of time established for abatement, and a reasonable description of the portion of the surface coal mining and reclamation operation to which the notice or order applies. Each notice or order issued under this section shall be given promptly to the permittee or an agent of the permittee by the department. A notice or order issued pursuant to this section may be modified, vacated, or terminated by the department. A notice or order issued pursuant to this section that requires cessation of mining by the operator shall expire within 30 days of actual notice to the operator unless a public hearing is held at the site or within a reasonable proximity to the site so that any viewings of the site can be conducted during the course of the public hearing.

    (10) The department may request the attorney general to institute a civil action for relief, including a permanent or temporary injunction, restraining order, or other appropriate order, if the permittee does any of the following:

    (a) Violates or fails or refuses to comply with an order or decision issued by the department under this part.

    (b) Interferes with, hinders, or delays the department or its authorized representative in carrying out the provisions of this section.

    (c) Refuses to admit to the mine an authorized representative of the department, if the authorized representative presented the documents required by this part for proper entry.

    (d) Refuses to permit inspection of the mine by an authorized representative of the department, if the authorized representative presented the documents required by this part for proper entry.

    (e) Refuses to furnish information or a report requested by the department under the department's rules.

    (f) Refuses to permit access to and copying of records the department determines reasonably necessary to carry out this part.

    (11) All notices or orders required by this subpart shall be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested.

     An employee of the department performing any function or duty under this part shall not have a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation. A person who knowingly violates this subsection shall, on conviction, be punished by imprisonment for not more than 1 year, or a fine of not more than $2,500.00, or both.

     Except as permitted by a law of this state or the United States, a person shall not willfully resist, prevent, impede, or interfere with the department or any of its agents in the performance of duties pursuant to this part. A person who violates this section shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than 1 year, or a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both.