HOUSE BILL No. 5130

 

October 7, 2003, Introduced by Reps. Meisner and Van Regenmorter and referred to the Committee on Criminal Justice.

        

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                 A bill to amend 1994 PA 451, entitled                                             

                                                                                

    "Natural resources and environmental protection act,"                       

                                                                                

    by amending sections 81134 and 81136 (MCL 324.81134 and                     

                                                                                

    324.81136), section 81134 as amended by 2001 PA 12 and section              

                                                                                

    81136 as amended by 1996 PA 175.                                            

                                                                                

                THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:                      

                                                                                

1       Sec. 81134.  (1) A person who is under the influence of                     

                                                                                

2   intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance, as defined by                

                                                                                

3   section 7104 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL                    

                                                                                

4   333.7104, or a combination of intoxicating liquor and a                     

                                                                                

5   controlled substance shall not operate an ORV.                              

                                                                                

6       (2) A person who has an alcohol content of  0.10  0.08 grams                

                                                                                

7   or more per 100 milliliters of blood, per 210 liters of breath,             

                                                                                

8   or per 67 milliliters of urine shall not operate an ORV.                    

                                                                                

9       (3) A person who has in his or her body any amount of a                     

                                                                                


                                                                                

1   controlled substance listed in schedule 1 under section 7212 of             

                                                                                

2   the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7212, or a rule                

                                                                                

3   promulgated under that section, or of a controlled substance                

                                                                                

4   described in section 7214(a)(iv) of the public health code, 1978             

                                                                                

5   PA 368, MCL 333.7214, shall not operate an ORV.                             

                                                                                

6       (4)  (3)  The owner or person in charge or in control of an                 

                                                                                

7   ORV shall not authorize or knowingly permit the ORV to be                   

                                                                                

8   operated by a person  who  if any of the following apply:                   

                                                                                

9       (a) The person is under the influence of intoxicating liquor                

                                                                                

10  or a controlled substance or a combination of intoxicating liquor           

                                                                                

11  and a controlled substance.                                                 

                                                                                

12      (b) The person has an alcohol content of 0.08 grams or more                 

                                                                                

13  per 100 milliliters of blood, per 210 liters of breath, or per 67           

                                                                                

14  milliliters of urine.                                                       

                                                                                

15      (c) The person's ability to operate an ORV is visibly                       

                                                                                

16  impaired due to the consumption of alcoholic liquor, a controlled           

                                                                                

17  substance, or a combination of alcoholic liquor and a controlled            

                                                                                

18  substance.                                                                  

                                                                                

19      (5)  (4)  Except as otherwise provided in this section, a                   

                                                                                

20  person who is convicted of a violation of subsection (1), (2),              

                                                                                

21  or  (3), or (4) is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by                  

                                                                                

22  imprisonment for not more than 93 days, or a fine of not less               

                                                                                

23  than $100.00 or more than $500.00, or both, together with costs             

                                                                                

24  of the prosecution.  As part of the sentence for a violation of             

                                                                                

25  subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3), the court shall order the                 

                                                                                

26  person convicted not to operate an ORV for a period of not less             

                                                                                

27  than 6 months or more than 2 years.                                         


                                                                                

1       (6)  (5)  On a second conviction under subsection (1),  or                  

                                                                                

2   (2), or (3) or a local ordinance substantially corresponding to             

                                                                                

3   subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3) within a period of 7 years, a              

                                                                                

4   person is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment for           

                                                                                

5   not more than 1 year, or a fine of not more than $1,000.00, or              

                                                                                

6   both.  As part of the sentence, the court shall order the person            

                                                                                

7   convicted not to operate an ORV for a period of not less than 1             

                                                                                

8   year or more than 2 years.                                                  

                                                                                

9       (7)  (6)  On a third or subsequent conviction within a period               

                                                                                

10  of 10 years under subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3) or a local               

                                                                                

11  ordinance substantially corresponding to subsection (1),  or                

                                                                                

12  (2), or (3), a person is guilty of a felony and shall be                    

                                                                                

13  sentenced to imprisonment for not less than 1 year or more than             

                                                                                

14  5 years, or a fine of not less than $500.00 or more than $5,000,            

                                                                                

15  or both.  As part of the sentence, the court shall order the                

                                                                                

16  person convicted not to operate an ORV for a period of not less             

                                                                                

17  than 1 year or more than 2 years.                                           

                                                                                

18      (8)  (7)  A person who operates an ORV in violation of                      

                                                                                

19  subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3) or section 81135 and by the                

                                                                                

20  operation of that ORV causes the death of another person is                 

                                                                                

21  guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than             

                                                                                

22  15 years or a fine of not less than $2,500.00 or more than                  

                                                                                

23  $10,000.00, or both.                                                        

                                                                                

24      (9)  (8)  A person who operates an ORV within this state in                 

                                                                                

25  violation of subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3) or section 81135              

                                                                                

26  and by the operation of that ORV causes a serious impairment of a           

                                                                                

27  body function of another person is guilty of a felony punishable            


                                                                                

1   by imprisonment for not more than 5 years or a fine of not less             

                                                                                

2   than $1,000.00 or more than $5,000.00, or both.  As used in this            

                                                                                

3   subsection, "serious impairment of a body function" includes, but           

                                                                                

4   is not limited to, 1 or more of the following:                              

                                                                                

5       (a) Loss of a limb or use of a limb.                                        

                                                                                

6       (b) Loss of a hand, foot, finger, or thumb or use of a hand,                

                                                                                

7   foot, finger, or thumb.                                                     

                                                                                

8       (c) Loss of an eye or ear or use of an eye or ear.                          

                                                                                

9       (d) Loss or substantial impairment of a bodily function.                    

                                                                                

10      (e) Serious visible disfigurement.                                          

                                                                                

11      (f) A comatose state that lasts for more than 3 days.                       

                                                                                

12      (g) Measurable brain damage or mental impairment.                           

                                                                                

13      (h) A skull fracture or other serious bone fracture.                        

                                                                                

14      (i) Subdural hemorrhage or subdural hematoma.                               

                                                                                

15      (10)  (9)  As part of the sentence for a violation of                       

                                                                                

16  subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3), or a local ordinance                      

                                                                                

17  substantially corresponding to subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3),            

                                                                                

18  the court may order the person to perform service to the                    

                                                                                

19  community, as designated by the court, without compensation, for            

                                                                                

20  a period not to exceed 12 days.  The person shall reimburse the             

                                                                                

21  state or appropriate local unit of government for the cost of               

                                                                                

22  insurance incurred by the state or local unit of government as a            

                                                                                

23  result of the person's activities under this subsection.                    

                                                                                

24      (11)  (10)  Before imposing sentence for a violation of                     

                                                                                

25  subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3) or a local ordinance                       

                                                                                

26  substantially corresponding to subsection (1),  or  (2), or (3),            

                                                                                

27  the court shall order the person to undergo screening and                   


                                                                                

1   assessment by a person or agency designated by the office of                

                                                                                

2   substance abuse services, to determine whether the person is                

                                                                                

3   likely to benefit from rehabilitative services, including alcohol           

                                                                                

4   or drug education and alcohol or drug treatment programs.  As               

                                                                                

5   part of the sentence, the court may order the person to                     

                                                                                

6   participate in and successfully complete 1 or more appropriate              

                                                                                

7   rehabilitative programs.  The person shall pay for the costs of             

                                                                                

8   the screening, assessment, and rehabilitative services.                     

                                                                                

9       (12)  (11)  Before accepting a plea of guilty under this                    

                                                                                

10  section, the court shall advise the accused of the statutory                

                                                                                

11  consequences possible as the result of a plea of guilty in                  

                                                                                

12  respect to suspension of the person's right to operate an ORV and           

                                                                                

13  the penalty imposed for violation of this section.                          

                                                                                

14      (13)  (12)  Each municipal judge and each clerk of a court of               

                                                                                

15  record shall keep a full record of every case in which a person             

                                                                                

16  is charged with a violation of this section.  The municipal judge           

                                                                                

17  or clerk of the court of record shall prepare and immediately               

                                                                                

18  forward to the secretary of state an abstract of the court of               

                                                                                

19  record for each case charging a violation of this section.                  

                                                                                

20      Sec. 81136.  (1) In a criminal prosecution for violating                    

                                                                                

21  section 81134 or 81135 or a local ordinance substantially                   

                                                                                

22  corresponding to section 81134 or 81135, or in a criminal                   

                                                                                

23  prosecution for negligent homicide or manslaughter resulting from           

                                                                                

24  the operation of an ORV while the operator is alleged to have               

                                                                                

25  been impaired by or under the influence of intoxicating liquor or           

                                                                                

26  a controlled substance or a combination of intoxicating liquor              

                                                                                

27  and a controlled substance, or to have had a blood alcohol                  


                                                                                

1   content of  0.10  0.08 grams or more per 100 milliliters of                 

                                                                                

2   blood, per 210 liters of breath, or per 67 milliliters of urine,            

                                                                                

3   the amount of alcohol or type or amount of a controlled substance           

                                                                                

4   in the operator's blood at the time alleged as shown by chemical            

                                                                                

5   analysis of the operator's blood, urine, or breath shall be                 

                                                                                

6   admissible into evidence.                                                   

                                                                                

7       (2) If a chemical test of an operator's blood, urine, or                    

                                                                                

8   breath is given, the results of the test shall be made available            

                                                                                

9   to the person charged with an offense enumerated in subsection              

                                                                                

10  (1) or the person's attorney upon written request to the                    

                                                                                

11  prosecution, with a copy of the request filed with the court.               

                                                                                

12  The prosecution shall furnish the report at least 2 days before             

                                                                                

13  the day of the trial and the results shall be offered as evidence           

                                                                                

14  by the prosecution in a criminal proceeding.  Failure to fully              

                                                                                

15  comply with the request shall bar the admission of the results              

                                                                                

16  into evidence by the prosecution.                                           

                                                                                

17      (3) Except in a prosecution relating solely to a violation                  

                                                                                

18  of section 81134(2), the amount of alcohol in the operator's                

                                                                                

19  blood at the time alleged as shown by chemical analysis of the              

                                                                                

20  operator's blood, urine, or breath shall give rise to the                   

                                                                                

21  following presumptions:                                                     

                                                                                

22      (a) If at the time the operator had an alcohol content of                   

                                                                                

23  0.07 grams or less per 100 milliliters of blood, per 210 liters             

                                                                                

24  of breath, or per 67 milliliters of urine, it shall be presumed             

                                                                                

25  that the operator was not under the influence of intoxicating               

                                                                                

26  liquor.                                                                     

                                                                                

27      (b) If at the time the operator had an alcohol content of                   


                                                                                

1   more than 0.07 grams but less than 0.10 grams per 100 milliliters           

                                                                                

2   of blood, per 210 liters of breath, or per 67 milliliters of                

                                                                                

3   urine, it shall be presumed that the operator's ability to                  

                                                                                

4   operate an ORV was impaired within the provisions of section                

                                                                                

5   81135 due to the consumption of intoxicating liquor.                        

                                                                                

6       (c) If at the time the operator had an alcohol content of                   

                                                                                

7   0.10 grams or more per 100 milliliters of blood, per 210 liters             

                                                                                

8   of breath, or per 67 milliliters of urine, it shall be presumed             

                                                                                

9   that the operator was under the influence of intoxicating                   

                                                                                

10  liquor.                                                                     

                                                                                

11      (3)  (4)  A sample or specimen of urine or breath shall be                  

                                                                                

12  taken and collected in a reasonable manner.  Only a licensed                

                                                                                

13  physician, or a licensed nurse or medical technician under the              

                                                                                

14  direction of a licensed physician and qualified to withdraw blood           

                                                                                

15  acting in a medical environment, at the request of a peace                  

                                                                                

16  officer, may withdraw blood for the purpose of determining the              

                                                                                

17  alcoholic content of the blood under this part.  Liability for a            

                                                                                

18  crime or civil damages predicated on the act of withdrawing blood           

                                                                                

19  and related procedures shall not attach to a qualified person who           

                                                                                

20  withdraws blood or assists in the withdrawal in accordance with             

                                                                                

21  this part unless the withdrawal is performed in a negligent                 

                                                                                

22  manner.                                                                     

                                                                                

23      (4)  (5)  A person arrested for a crime enumerated in                       

                                                                                

24  subsection (1) who takes a chemical test administered at the                

                                                                                

25  request of a peace officer, as provided in this part, shall be              

                                                                                

26  given a reasonable opportunity to have a person of his or her own           

                                                                                

27  choosing administer 1 of the chemical tests described in this               


                                                                                

1   section within a reasonable time after his or her detention, and            

                                                                                

2   the results of the test shall be admissible and shall be                    

                                                                                

3   considered with other competent evidence in determining the                 

                                                                                

4   defendant's innocence or guilt of a crime enumerated in                     

                                                                                

5   subsection (1).  If the person arrested is administered a                   

                                                                                

6   chemical test by a person of his or her own choosing, the person            

                                                                                

7   arrested shall be responsible for obtaining a chemical analysis             

                                                                                

8   of the test sample.  The person shall be informed that he or she            

                                                                                

9   has the right to demand that a person of his or her choosing                

                                                                                

10  administer 1 of the chemical tests described in this section,               

                                                                                

11  that the results of the test shall be admissible and shall be               

                                                                                

12  considered with other competent evidence in determining the                 

                                                                                

13  innocence or guilt of the defendant, and that the person arrested           

                                                                                

14  shall be responsible for obtaining a chemical analysis of the               

                                                                                

15  test sample.                                                                

                                                                                

16      (5)  (6)  A person arrested shall be advised that if the                    

                                                                                

17  person refuses the request of a peace officer to take a test                

                                                                                

18  described in this section, a test shall not be given without a              

                                                                                

19  court order.  The person arrested shall also be advised that the            

                                                                                

20  person's refusal of the request of a peace officer to take a test           

                                                                                

21  described in this section shall result in the suspension of the             

                                                                                

22  person's right to operate an ORV.                                           

                                                                                

23      (6)  (7)  This section shall not be construed as limiting the               

                                                                                

24  introduction of any other competent evidence bearing upon the               

                                                                                

25  question of whether or not the defendant was impaired by or under           

                                                                                

26  the influence of intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance,             

                                                                                

27  or a combination of intoxicating liquor and a controlled                    


                                                                                

1   substance, or whether the person had a blood alcohol content of             

                                                                                

2   0.10  0.08 grams or more per 100 milliliters of blood, per 210             

                                                                                

3   liters of breath, or per 67 milliliters of urine.                           

                                                                                

4       (7)  (8)  If a jury instruction regarding a defendant's                     

                                                                                

5   refusal to submit to a chemical test under this section is                  

                                                                                

6   requested by the prosecution or the defendant, the jury                     

                                                                                

7   instruction shall be given as follows:                                      

                                                                                

8       "Evidence was admitted in this case which, if believed by the               

                                                                                

9   jury, could prove that the defendant had exercised his or her               

                                                                                

10  right to refuse a chemical test.  You are instructed that such a            

                                                                                

11  refusal is within the statutory rights of the defendant and is              

                                                                                

12  not evidence of the defendant's guilt.  You are not to consider             

                                                                                

13  such a refusal in determining the guilt or innocence of the                 

                                                                                

14  defendant.".                                                                

                                                                                

15      (8)  (9)  If after an accident the operator of an ORV                       

                                                                                

16  involved in the accident is transported to a medical facility and           

                                                                                

17  a sample of the operator's blood is withdrawn at that time for              

                                                                                

18  the purpose of medical treatment, the results of a chemical                 

                                                                                

19  analysis of that sample shall be admissible in a criminal                   

                                                                                

20  prosecution for a crime described in subsection (1) to show the             

                                                                                

21  amount of alcohol or presence of a controlled substance, or both,           

                                                                                

22  in the person's blood at the time alleged, regardless of whether            

                                                                                

23  the person had been offered or had refused a chemical test.  The            

                                                                                

24  medical facility or person performing the chemical analysis shall           

                                                                                

25  disclose the results of the analysis to a prosecuting attorney              

                                                                                

26  who requests the results for use in a criminal prosecution as               

                                                                                

27  provided in this subsection.  A medical facility or person                  


                                                                                

1   disclosing information in compliance with this subsection shall             

                                                                                

2   not be civilly or criminally liable for making the disclosure.              

                                                                                

3       (9)  (10)  If after an accident the operator of an ORV                      

                                                                                

4   involved in the accident is deceased, a sample of the decedent's            

                                                                                

5   blood shall be withdrawn in a manner directed by the medical                

                                                                                

6   examiner for the purpose of determining blood alcohol content or            

                                                                                

7   presence of a controlled substance, or both.  The medical                   

                                                                                

8   examiner shall give the results of the chemical analysis to the             

                                                                                

9   law enforcement agency investigating the accident, and that                 

                                                                                

10  agency shall forward the results to the department of state                 

                                                                                

11  police.                                                                     

                                                                                

12      Enacting section 1.  This amendatory act takes effect                       

                                                                                

13  January 1, 2004.