January 27, 2005, Introduced by Reps. Palmer and Elsenheimer and referred to the Committee on Education.
A bill to amend 1976 PA 451, entitled
"The revised school code,"
by amending sections 501, 502, 503, 504, and 507 (MCL 380.501,
380.502, 380.503, 380.504, and 380.507), section 501 as amended by
2003 PA 179, sections 502 and 507 as amended by 1995 PA 289,
section 503 as amended by 2003 PA 299, and section 504 as amended
by 1994 PA 416, and by adding section 1320.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:
Sec. 501. (1) A public school academy is a public school
under section 2 of article VIII of the state constitution of 1963,
is a school district for the purposes of section 11 of article IX
of the state constitution of 1963 and for the purposes of section
1225 and section 1351a, and is subject to the leadership and
general supervision of the state board over all public education
under section 3 of article VIII of the state constitution of 1963.
A public school academy is a body corporate and is a governmental
agency. The powers granted to a public school academy under this
part constitute the performance of essential public purposes and
governmental functions of this state.
(2) As used in this part:
(a) "Authorizing body" means any of the following governing
boards that issues a contract as provided in this part:
(i) The board of a school district that operates grades K to
12.
(ii) An intermediate school board.
(iii) The board of a community college.
(iv) The governing board of a state public university.
(b) "Certificated teacher" means an individual who holds a
valid teaching certificate issued by the superintendent of public
instruction under section 1531.
(c) "Community college" means a community college organized
under the community college act of 1966, 1966 PA 331, MCL 389.1 to
389.195, or a federal tribally controlled community college that is
recognized under the tribally controlled community college
assistance
act of 1978, Public Law 95-471, 92 Stat. 1325, and
is
determined by the department to meet the requirements for
accreditation by a recognized regional accrediting body.
(d) "Contract" means the executive act taken by an authorizing
body that evidences the authorization of a public school academy
and that establishes, subject to the constitutional powers of the
state board and applicable law, the written instrument executed by
an authorizing body conferring certain rights, franchises,
privileges, and obligations on a public school academy, as provided
by this part, and confirming the status of a public school academy
as a public school in this state.
(e) "Educational management company" means that term as
defined in section 1320.
(f) (e)
"Entity" means a partnership, nonprofit or
business
corporation, labor organization, or any other association,
corporation, trust, or other legal entity.
(g) (f)
"State public university" means a state
university
described in section 4, 5, or 6 of article VIII of the state
constitution of 1963.
Sec. 502. (1) A public school academy shall be organized and
administered under the direction of a board of directors in
accordance with this part and with bylaws adopted by the board of
directors. A public school academy corporation shall be organized
under
the nonprofit corporation act, Act No. 162 of the Public
Acts
of 1982, being sections 450.2101 to 450.3192 of the Michigan
Compiled
Laws 1982 PA 162, MCL 450.2101 to 450.3192, except that a
public school academy corporation is not required to comply with
sections
170 to 177 of Act No. 327 of the Public Acts of 1931,
being
sections 450.170 to 450.177 of the Michigan Compiled Laws
1931 PA 327, MCL 450.170 to 450.177. To the extent disqualified
under the state or federal constitution, a public school academy
shall not be organized by a church or other religious organization
and shall not have any organizational or contractual affiliation
with or constitute a church or other religious organization.
(2) Any of the following governing boards may act as an
authorizing body to issue a contract to organize and operate 1 or
more public school academies under this part:
(a) The board of a school district that operates grades K to
12. However, the board of a school district shall not issue a
contract for a public school academy to operate outside the school
district's boundaries, and a public school academy authorized by
the board of a school district shall not operate outside that
school district's boundaries.
(b) An intermediate school board. However, the board of an
intermediate school district shall not issue a contract for a
public school academy to operate outside the intermediate school
district's boundaries, and a public school academy authorized by
the board of an intermediate school district shall not operate
outside that intermediate school district's boundaries.
(c) The board of a community college. However, except as
otherwise
provided in this subdivision, the board of a community
college
shall not issue a contract for a public school academy to
operate
in a school district organized as a school district of the
first
class, a public school academy authorized by the board of a
community
college shall not operate in a school district organized
as
a school district of the first class, the
board of a community
college shall not issue a contract for a public school academy to
operate
outside the boundaries of the community college district ,
and a public school academy authorized by the board of a community
college shall not operate outside the boundaries of the community
college district. The board of a community college also may issue a
contract for not more than 1 public school academy to operate on
the grounds of an active or closed federal military installation
located outside the boundaries of the community college district,
or may operate a public school academy itself on the grounds of
such a federal military installation, if the federal military
installation is not located within the boundaries of any community
college district and the community college has previously offered
courses on the grounds of the federal military installation for at
least 10 years.
(d)
The governing board of a state public university.
However,
the combined total number of contracts for public school
academies
issued by all state public universities shall not exceed
85
through 1996, and, after the initial evaluation under section
501a,
shall not exceed 100 through 1997, 125 through 1998, or 150
thereafter.
Further, the total number of contracts issued by any 1
state
public university shall not exceed 50 through 1996, and
thereafter
shall not exceed 50% of the maximum combined total
number
that may be issued under this subdivision.
(3) To obtain a contract to organize and operate 1 or more
public school academies, 1 or more persons or an entity may apply
to an authorizing body described in subsection (2). The application
shall include at least all of the following:
(a) Identification of the applicant for the contract.
(b) Subject to the resolution adopted by the authorizing body
under
section 503(4) 507(1)(c), a list of the proposed members of
the board of directors of the public school academy and a
description of the qualifications and method for appointment or
election of members of the board of directors.
(c) The proposed articles of incorporation, which shall
include at least all of the following:
(i) The name of the proposed public school academy.
(ii) The purposes for the public school academy corporation.
This language shall provide that the public school academy is
incorporated pursuant to this part and that the public school
academy corporation is a governmental entity and political
subdivision of this state.
(iii) The name of the authorizing body.
(iv) The proposed time when the articles of incorporation will
be effective.
(v) Other matters considered expedient to be in the articles
of incorporation.
(d) A copy of the proposed bylaws of the public school
academy.
(e) Documentation meeting the application requirements of the
authorizing body, including at least all of the following:
(i) The governance structure of the public school academy.
(ii) A copy of the educational goals of the public school
academy and the curricula to be offered and methods of pupil
assessment to be used by the public school academy. To the extent
applicable, the progress of the pupils in the public school academy
shall be assessed using at least a Michigan education assessment
program (MEAP) test or an assessment instrument developed under
section
1279 for a state-endorsed high school diploma or 1279g.
(iii) The admission policy and criteria to be maintained by the
public school academy. The admission policy and criteria shall
comply with section 504. This part of the application also shall
include a description of how the applicant will provide to the
general public adequate notice that a public school academy is
being created and adequate information on the admission policy,
criteria, and process.
(iv) The school calendar and school day schedule.
(v) The age or grade range of pupils to be enrolled.
(f) Descriptions of staff responsibilities and of the public
school academy's governance structure.
(g) For an application to the board of a school district, an
intermediate school board, or board of a community college,
identification of the local and intermediate school districts in
which the public school academy will be located.
(h) An agreement that the public school academy will comply
with the provisions of this part and, subject to the provisions of
this part, with all other state law applicable to public bodies and
with federal law applicable to public bodies or school districts.
(i) For a public school academy authorized by a school
district, an assurance that employees of the public school academy
will be covered by the collective bargaining agreements that apply
to other employees of the school district employed in similar
classifications in schools that are not public school academies.
(j) For a contract issued by an intermediate school district
after the effective date of this subdivision for a public school
academy that is a conversion of an existing program of the
intermediate school district, is a substantially similar program to
an existing program of the intermediate school district, or is a
program or class managed by the intermediate school district, an
assurance that employees of the public school academy will be
covered by the collective bargaining agreements that apply to other
employees of the intermediate school district employed in similar
classifications in schools or programs that are not public school
academies.
(k) (j)
A description of and address for
the proposed
physical plant in which the public school academy will be located.
(4)
An authorizing body shall oversee, or shall contract with
an
intermediate school district, community college, or state public
university
to oversee, each public school academy operating under a
contract
issued by the authorizing body. The oversight shall be
sufficient
to ensure that the authorizing body can certify that the
public
school academy is in compliance with statute, rules, and the
terms
of the contract.
(4) (5)
If the state board department finds that an
authorizing body is not engaging in appropriate continuing
oversight of 1 or more public school academies operating under a
contract
issued by the authorizing body, the state board
department may suspend the power of the authorizing body to issue
new contracts to organize and operate public school academies. A
contract issued by the authorizing body during the suspension is
void. A contract issued by the authorizing body before the
suspension is not affected by the suspension.
(5) (6)
An authorizing body shall not
charge a fee, or
require reimbursement of expenses, for considering an application
for a contract, for issuing a contract, or for providing oversight
of a contract for a public school academy in an amount that exceeds
a combined total of 3% of the total state school aid received by
the public school academy in the school year in which the fees or
expenses are charged. All of the following apply to this fee:
(a) As set forth in the contract, an authorizing body may use
a portion of this fee to provide technical assistance to the public
school academy.
(b) An authorizing body shall not use any portion of this fee
for any purpose other than considering applications and issuing
contracts under this part or for oversight of, technical assistance
to, and direct academic support to public school academies.
(c) An authorizing body may provide other services for a
public school academy and charge a fee for those services, but
shall not require such an arrangement as a condition to issuing the
contract authorizing the public school academy.
(6) (7)
A public school academy shall be
presumed to be
legally organized if it has exercised the franchises and privileges
of a public school academy for at least 2 years.
Sec. 503. (1) An authorizing body is not required to issue a
contract to any person or entity. Public school academy contracts
shall be issued on a competitive basis taking into consideration
the resources available for the proposed public school academy, the
population to be served by the proposed public school academy, and
the educational goals to be achieved by the proposed public school
academy.
(2) If a person or entity applies to the board of a school
district for a contract to organize and operate 1 or more public
school academies within the boundaries of the school district and
the board does not issue the contract, the person or entity may
petition the board to place the question of issuing the contract on
the ballot to be decided by the school electors of the school
district. The petition shall contain all of the information
required to be in the contract application under section 502 and
shall be signed by a number of school electors of the school
district equal to at least 15% of the total number of school
electors of that school district. The petition shall be filed with
the school district filing official. If the board receives a
petition meeting the requirements of this subsection, the board
shall have the question of issuing the contract placed on the
ballot at its next regular school election held at least 60 days
after receiving the petition. If a majority of the school electors
of the school district voting on the question vote to issue the
contract, the board shall issue the contract.
(3)
Within 10 days after issuing a contract for a public
school
academy, the authorizing body shall submit to the
superintendent
of public instruction a copy of the contract and of
the
application under section 502.
(4)
An authorizing body shall adopt a resolution establishing
the
method of selection, length of term, and number of members of
the
board of directors of each public school academy subject to its
jurisdiction.
(3) (5)
A contract issued to organize and administer a
public school academy shall contain at least all of the following:
(a) The educational goals the public school academy is to
achieve and the methods by which it will be held accountable. To
the extent applicable, the pupil performance of a public school
academy shall be assessed using at least a Michigan education
assessment program (MEAP) test or an assessment instrument
developed under section 1279 or 1279g.
(b) A description of the method to be used to monitor the
public school academy's compliance with applicable law and its
performance in meeting its targeted educational objectives.
(c) A description of the process for amending the contract
during the term of the contract.
(d) All of the matters set forth in the application for the
contract.
(e) For a public school academy authorized by a school
district, an agreement that employees of the public school academy
will be covered by the collective bargaining agreements that apply
to employees of the school district employed in similar
classifications in schools that are not public school academies.
(f) For a contract issued by an intermediate school board
after the effective date of this subdivision for a public school
academy that is a conversion of an existing program of the
intermediate school district, is a substantially similar program to
an existing program of the intermediate school district, or is a
program or class managed by the intermediate school district, an
assurance that employees of the public school academy will be
covered by the collective bargaining agreements that apply to other
employees of the intermediate school district employed in similar
classifications in schools or programs that are not public school
academies.
(g) (f)
Procedures for revoking the contract and grounds for
revoking the contract, including at least the grounds listed in
section 507.
(h) (g)
A description of and address for the proposed
physical plant in which the public school academy will be located.
(i) (h)
Requirements and procedures for financial audits.
The financial audits shall be conducted at least annually by a
certified public accountant in accordance with generally accepted
governmental auditing principles.
(j) A requirement that the board of directors shall ensure
compliance with the requirements of 1968 PA 317, MCL 15.321 to
15.330, and with any other conflict of interest law generally
applicable to public bodies in this state.
(k) A requirement that, if the board of directors of the
public school academy enters into an agreement with an educational
management company for operation or management of the public school
academy, the agreement between the board of directors and the
educational management company must comply with section 1320.
(l) A requirement that the authorizing body must review and may
disapprove any agreement between the board of directors and an
educational management company entered into under section 1320
before the agreement is final and valid. An authorizing body may
disapprove an agreement described in this subdivision only if the
agreement is contrary to the contract or applicable.
(m) A requirement that the board of directors shall
demonstrate all of the following to the satisfaction of the
authorizing body with regard to its pupil admission process:
(i) That the public school academy has made a reasonable effort
to advertise its enrollment openings in a newspaper of general
circulation in the intermediate school district in which the public
school academy is located.
(ii) That the public school academy has made the following
additional efforts to recruit pupils who are eligible for special
education programs and services to apply for admission:
(A) Reasonable efforts to advertise all enrollment openings to
organizations and media that regularly serve and advocate for
individuals with disabilities within the boundaries of the
intermediate school district in which the public school academy is
located.
(B) Inclusion in all pupil recruitment materials of a
statement that appropriate special education services will be made
available to pupils attending the school as required by law.
(iii) That the open enrollment period for the public school
academy is for a duration of at least 4 weeks.
(n) A requirement that, if requested, the board of directors
shall report to the authorizing body the total compensation for
each individual employee of the public school academy.
(4) (6)
A public school academy shall comply with all
applicable law, including all of the following:
(a) The open meetings act, 1976 PA 267, MCL 15.261 to 15.275.
(b) The freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to
15.246.
(c) 1947 PA 336, MCL 423.201 to 423.217.
(d) 1965 PA 166, MCL 408.551 to 408.558.
(e) Sections 1134, 1135, 1146, 1153, 1263(3), 1267, and 1274.
(5) (7)
A public school academy and its incorporators, board
members, officers, employees, and volunteers have governmental
immunity as provided in section 7 of 1964 PA 170, MCL 691.1407. An
authorizing body and its board members, officers, and employees are
immune from civil liability, both personally and professionally,
for an act or omission in authorizing or oversight of a public
school academy if the authorizing body or the person acted or
reasonably believed he or she acted within the authorizing body's
or the person's scope of authority.
(6) (8)
A public school academy is exempt from all taxation
on its earnings and property. Instruments of conveyance to or from
a public school academy are exempt from all taxation including
taxes imposed by 1966 PA 134, MCL 207.501 to 207.513. A public
school academy may not levy ad valorem property taxes or another
tax for any purpose. However, operation of 1 or more public school
academies by a school district or intermediate school district does
not affect the ability of the school district or intermediate
school district to levy ad valorem property taxes or another tax.
(7) (9)
A public school academy may acquire by purchase,
gift, devise, lease, sublease, installment purchase agreement, land
contract, option, or by any other means, hold and own in its own
name buildings and other property for school purposes, and
interests therein, and other real and personal property, including,
but not limited to, interests in property subject to mortgages,
security interests, or other liens, necessary or convenient to
fulfill its purposes. For the purposes of condemnation, a public
school academy may proceed under the uniform condemnation
procedures act, 1980 PA 87, MCL 213.51 to 213.75, excluding
sections 6 to 9 of that act, MCL 213.56 to 213.59, or other
applicable statutes, but only with the express, written permission
of the authorizing body in each instance of condemnation and only
after just compensation has been determined and paid.
Sec. 504. (1) A public school academy may be located in all or
part of an existing public school building. A public school academy
shall not operate at a site other than the single site requested
for the configuration of grades that will use the site, as
specified in the application required under section 502 and in the
contract.
(2)
A public school academy shall not charge tuition. and
Except as otherwise provided in this section, a public school
academy shall not discriminate in its pupil admissions policies or
practices on the basis of intellectual or athletic ability,
measures of achievement or aptitude, status as a handicapped
person, or any other basis that would be illegal if used by a
school district. However, a public school academy may limit
admission to pupils who are within a particular range of age or
grade level or on any other basis that would be legal if used by a
school district and may give enrollment priority as provided in
subsection (4).
(3) Except for a foreign exchange student who is not a United
States citizen, a public school academy shall not enroll a pupil
who is not a resident of this state. Enrollment in the public
school academy may be open to all individuals who reside in this
state who meet the admission policy and shall be open to all pupils
who reside within the geographic boundaries, if any, of the
authorizing body as described in section 502(2)(a) to (c) who meet
the admission policy, except that admission to a public school
academy authorized by the board of a community college to operate,
or operated by the board of a community college, on the grounds of
a federal military installation, as described in section 502(2)(c),
shall be open to all pupils who reside in the county in which the
federal military installation is located. For a public school
academy authorized by a state public university, enrollment shall
be open to all pupils who reside in this state who meet the
admission
policy. If Subject to
subsection (4), if there are more
applications to enroll in the public school academy than there are
spaces available, pupils shall be selected to attend using a random
selection
process. However, a public school academy may give
enrollment
priority to a sibling of a pupil enrolled in the public
school
academy. A public school academy
shall allow any pupil who
was enrolled in the public school academy in the immediately
preceding school year to enroll in the public school academy in the
appropriate grade unless the appropriate grade is not offered at
that public school academy.
(4) A public school academy may give enrollment priority to 1
or more of the following:
(a) A sibling of a pupil enrolled in the public school
academy.
(b) A child of a person who is employed by or at the public
school academy or who is on the board of directors of the public
academy. As used in this subdivision, "child" includes an adopted
child or a legal ward.
(c) If the public school academy is a high school created
pursuant to a joint application by 2 or more other public school
academies, as described in subsection (6), a pupil who attended and
has completed the grade levels offered by 1 of those other public
school academies.
(5)
(4) A Subject
to the terms of the contract authorizing
the public school academy, a public school academy may include any
grade up to grade 12 or any configuration of those grades,
including kindergarten and early childhood education, as specified
in its contract. If specified in its contract, a public school
academy may also operate an adult basic education program, adult
high school completion program, or general education development
testing
preparation program. The Authorizing
bodies are
encouraged to issue contracts for public school academies for
students who have dropped out of school or otherwise have failed to
complete high school. An authorizing body may approve amendment of
a contract with respect to ages of pupils or grades offered.
(6) Two or more public school academies that do not operate
grades 9 to 12 may jointly apply for a contract to establish and
operate a public school academy for some or all of grades 9 to 12.
This subsection does not prohibit a public school academy that does
not currently operate grades 9 to 12, or any combination of those
grades, from offering some or all of those grades under an existing
contract with an authorizing body.
Sec. 507. (1) An authorizing body that issues a contract for a
public school academy under this part shall do all of the
following:
(a) Ensure that the contract and the application for the
contract comply with the requirements of this part.
(b) Within 10 days after issuing the contract, submit to the
department a copy of the contract and of the application for the
contract.
(c) Adopt a resolution establishing the method of selection,
length of term, and number of members of the board of each public
school academy it authorizes.
(d) Oversee the operations of each public school academy
operating under a contract issued by the authorizing body. The
oversight shall be sufficient to ensure that the authorizing body
can certify that the public school academy is in compliance with
statute, rules, and the terms of the contract. An authorizing body
may enter into an agreement with 1 or more other authorizing bodies
to oversee a public school academy operating under a contract
issued by the authorizing body.
(e) Develop and implement a process for holding a public
school academy board of directors accountable for meeting
applicable academic performance standards set forth in the contract
and for implementing corrective action for a public school academy
that does not meet those standards.
(f) Take necessary measures to ensure that a public school
academy board of directors operates independently of any
educational management company involved in the operation of the
public school academy.
(g) Oversee and ensure that the pupil admission process used
by the public school academy is operated in a fair and open manner
and is in compliance with the contract and this part.
(h) Ensure that the board of directors of the public school
academy maintains and releases information as necessary to comply
with applicable law.
(2) (1)
The authorizing body for a public
school academy is
the fiscal agent for the public school academy. A state school aid
payment for a public school academy shall be paid to the
authorizing body that is the fiscal agent for that public school
academy, which shall then forward the payment to the public school
academy.
An authorizing body has the responsibility to oversee a
public
school academy's compliance with the contract and all
applicable
law.
(3) A contract issued under this part may be revoked by the
authorizing body that issued the contract if the authorizing body
determines that 1 or more of the following has occurred:
(a) Failure of the public school academy to abide by and meet
the educational goals set forth in the contract.
(b) Failure of the public school academy to comply with all
applicable law.
(c) Failure of the public school academy to meet generally
accepted public sector accounting principles.
(d) The existence of 1 or more other grounds for revocation as
specified in the contract.
(4) (2)
The decision of an authorizing
body to issue,
reissue, or reconstitute a contract under this part, or to revoke a
contract under this section, is solely within the discretion of the
authorizing body, is final, and is not subject to review by a court
or any state agency. An authorizing body that does not issue,
reissue, or reconstitute a contract under this part, or that
revokes a contract under this section, is not liable for that
action to the public school academy, public school academy
corporation, a pupil of the public school academy, the parent or
guardian of a pupil of the public school academy, or any other
person.
(5) Before an authorizing body revokes a contract under
subsection (3), the authorizing body may consider and take
corrective measures to avoid revocation. If it is appropriate
considering the overall circumstances, an authorizing body may
reconstitute the public school academy to improve student
educational performance or to avoid interruption of the educational
process. An authorizing body may include a reconstituting provision
in the contract that identifies these corrective measures,
including, but not limited to, appointing a new board of directors
or a trustee to take over operation of the public school academy.
(6) If an authorizing body revokes a contract under subsection
(3), the authorizing body shall work with a school district or
another public school academy, or with a combination of these
entities, to ensure a smooth transition for the affected pupils. If
the revocation occurs during the school year, the authorizing body,
as the fiscal agent for the public school academy under this
section, shall return any school aid funds received by the
authorizing body that are attributable to the affected pupils to
the state treasurer for deposit into the state school aid fund. The
state treasurer shall distribute funds to the school district or
public school academy in which the pupils enroll after the
revocation pursuant to a methodology established by the department
and the center for educational performance and information.
Sec. 1320. (1) Beginning with contracts described in this
section that are entered into after the effective date of this
section, if the governing board of a public school enters into a
contract with an educational management company to carry out the
operations of a public school under this act, the governing board
shall ensure all of the following:
(a) That the governing board has conducted sufficient due
diligence to conclude that the educational management company has
sufficient educational expertise and management experience to
provide the agreed services.
(b) That the governing board will obtain independent legal
counsel in all negotiations with the educational management
company.
(c) If the governing board is the board of directors of a
public school academy, that, pursuant to the contract between the
board of directors and the educational management company, the
educational management company will provide to the board of
directors all financial and other information required to comply
with the requirements concerning reporting that are contained in
the contract between the board of directors and its authorizing
body under section 503.
(2) Beginning with contracts described in this section that
are entered into after the effective date of this section, if the
governing board of a public school enters into a contract with an
educational management company to carry out the operations of a
public school under this act, the contract between the governing
board and the educational management company shall contain at least
all of the following provisions:
(a) A provision requiring the educational management company
to provide to the governing board information regarding any
teachers, administrators, and support staff employed by the
educational management company to support the public school,
including at least all of the following personal information:
(i) Name.
(ii) Education, including highest degree attained.
(iii) Salary.
(iv) Copy of teaching certificate or other required permit or
credential, if required for the position.
(v) Description of relevant experience.
(vi) Employment record.
(b) A provision requiring the educational management company
to provide to the governing board information regarding the
business operations of the public school, including at least all of
the following:
(i) Financial records and information concerning the operation
of the school, including, but not limited to, budgets and detailed
records of funds received from this state and other entities,
expenditure of those funds, investment of those funds, carryover,
and contractual arrangements or agreements entered into by the
educational management company as an agent of the governing board.
(ii) Financial records and information concerning leases to
which the governing board is a party, including, but not limited
to, leases for equipment, physical facility space, or institutional
and educational materials.
(iii) Financial records and information concerning mortgages and
loans to which the governing board is a party.
(c) If the governing board is the board of directors of a
public school academy, a provision requiring the educational
management company to make information available to the board of
directors concerning the operation and management of the public
school academy, including at least all of the information necessary
to comply with the requirements concerning reporting that are
contained in the contract between the board of directors and its
authorizing body under section 503.
(3) As used in this section:
(a) "Educational management company" means an entity that
enters into an agreement with the governing board of a public
school to provide comprehensive educational, administrative,
management, or instructional services or staff to the public
school.
(b) "Entity" means a partnership, nonprofit or business
corporation, labor organization, or any other association,
corporation, trust, or other legal entity.