COUNTY CONCEALED WEAPONS LICENSING BOARDS:  ELIMINATE & REVISE CPL PROCESS

Senate Bill 789 (Substitute H-2)

Senate Bill 790 (Substitute S-1)

Sponsor:  Sen. Mike Green

House Committee:  Judiciary

Senate Committee:  Judiciary

Complete to 12-18-14

A REVISED SUMMARY OF SENATE BILLS 789 AND 790 AS REPORTED BY HOUSE COMMITTEE 12-11-14

Senate Bill 789 will amend the Handgun Licensing Law to:

o                   Abolish county concealed weapon licensing boards.

o                   Transfer the bulk of the duties of the county boards to county clerks with some duties going to the courts, sheriffs, or MSP.

o                   Require the MSP to conduct investigations of CPL applicants as to eligibility.

o                   Revise the CPL process, including requiring an applicant to have a valid state-issued driver license or personal ID card.

o                   Give civil immunity to clerks and law enforcement entities if a CPL holder later commits a crime or negligent act.

o                   Add criminal penalties for certain violations of the act and require, instead of allow, certain civil infractions to be imposed for violations.

o                   Allow an applicant for a CPL renewal to certify that he or she has completed educational and firing range requirements (and the county clerk could not otherwise require verification of the statements in the certification).

o                   Decrease license and renewal fees.

o                   Revise the process to obtain an emergency CPL (formerly "temporary" license).

o                   Require each county to establish a concealed pistol licensing fund.

o                   Allow county clerks to take fingerprints of applicants.

o                   Allow the subject of a PPO for domestic violence or stalking to receive a CPL unless the order includes a restriction that the applicant is not allowed to purchase or possess a firearm.

o                   Repeal Sections 5m and 6a.

Senate Bill 790 will make technical revisions to the sentencing guidelines to comport with changes made by SB 789 (MCL 777.11b).  The bill is tie-barred to Senate Bill 789, meaning that Senate Bill 790 cannot take unless Senate Bill 789 is also enacted.

Effective Dates

Senate Bill 789:  Section 5x of the bill would take effect January 1, 2015. Subsection (5) of Section 5b would take effect January 1, 2015; all other subsections of Section 5b would take effect October 1, 2015.  Changes to the remaining sections would take effect October 1, 2015.  Enacting Section 1, which repeals Sections 5m and 6a, would be effective immediately if the bill were enrolled with immediate effect; otherwise, those sections would be repealed Sine Die (typically, the last week of March of the year following the end of the legislative session).

Senate Bill 790 would take effect July 1, 2015.

Senate Bill 789

Briefly speaking, significant amendments to the Handgun Licensing Act (MCL 28.421 et al.) include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

Definitions

For the purpose of the act, "felony" would not include a violation of a Michigan penal law that is expressly designated as a misdemeanor.

"Firearm" currently means a weapon from which a dangerous projectile may be propelled by an explosive, or by gas or air, but does not include a smooth bore rifle or handgun designed and manufactured exclusively for propelling by a spring, or by gas or air, BBs not exceeding .177 caliber.  Instead, the bill would define "firearm" to mean any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive.

"Retired police officer" would be amended by making the term apply to a police officer or law enforcement officer retired in good standing who receives a pension or other retirement benefit for service as a police officer or law enforcement officer or actively maintained an MCOLES or equivalent state certification for 10 or more consecutive years.

 

County concealed weapon licensing boards eliminated

Beginning October 1, 2015, county concealed weapon licensing boards will be eliminated.  Provisions establishing the boards will be eliminated, as will references to the boards contained throughout the act.

Each board must transfer all license applications and official documents in its possession to its county clerk no later than 12 midnight September 30, 2015.  A license to carry a concealed pistol issued by the board prior to that deadline is valid and remains in effect until the license expires or as otherwise provided by law.

Pending applications must be processed by the county clerk.  Applicants whose initial or renewal applications had been pending would be eligible for a receipt that would serve as a concealed pistol license until a license or notice of disqualification were issued.

Responsibilities of county clerks

A county clerk would be responsible for:

v                 Storing and maintaining all records related to issuing a license or notice of statutory disqualification in that county.

v                 Issuing licenses to carry a concealed pistol.

v                 Issuing notices of statutory disqualification, notices of suspensions, and notices of revocations.

The bill would also allow county clerks to take fingerprints of applicants for a license or license renewal.

A suspended or revoked license must be retained by the clerk as an official record for one year after the license's expiration, unless it is reinstated or a new license issued.  The county clerk must notify the MSP of suspended or revoked licenses for entry into LEIN.

 

A county clerk must mail an initial CPL or renewal license by first-class mail in a sealed envelope.  A replacement license could be issued in person for a replacement fee ($10) or delivered by first-class mail upon request by the licensee.

Department of State Police

The MSP would have to investigate applicants for a concealed pistol license (CPL) regarding eligibility under the act.  Currently, this is done by the county concealed weapons boards.

MSP would also verify certain requirements through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System and the state Law Enforcement Information Network, LEIN (e.g., to see if the applicant is the subject of a court order for involuntary treatment of a mental illness); currently, county sheriffs perform this function.  MSP must also report all statutory disqualifications of an applicant to the county clerk.

The database maintained by the MSP regarding individuals who apply for a CPL would have to include, in addition to current requirements, the individual's state-issued driver license and personal ID card number, whether the individual was issued a notice of statutory disqualification and a statement of the reasons for that disqualification, and the status of the individual's application or license.

The bill would revise criteria required to be included in an annual report filed with the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives as follows:

v                 Report the number of statutorily disqualified applicants and categories for statutory disqualifications rather than the number of CPLs denied and categories for denial.

v                 Report the number of CPLs suspended and the categories, in addition to those revoked.

v                 Eliminate provisions regarding the number of charges of state civil infractions of the act or charges of criminal violations, and instead require the total number of licensees found responsible for a civil violation of the act, the total number of civil violations categorized by offense, the total number of individuals licensed to carry a concealed pistol convicted of a crime, and the total number of those criminal convictions categorized by offense.

v                 Report the actual costs incurred per permit for the MSP.

Temporary (emergency) licenses

References to a temporary concealed pistol license (CPL) would instead refer to an emergency CPL.  The bill would revise the process regarding obtaining an emergency CPL, require the county sheriff to take an applicant's fingerprints and perform a criminal records check through LEIN, prohibit issuance of an emergency license by a county clerk to an applicant who does not meet certain requirements, require completion of a pistol training course by an applicant, allow a county sheriff to charge up to $15 and a county clerk up to $10 for the emergency license application process.  An emergency license would be valid for 45 days or until a CPL or notice of statutory disqualification were issued.  The emergency license would indicate if the individual were allowed to carry the concealed pistol in a no carry zone.  No more than one emergency CPL could be issued in any five-year period.

If a notice of statutory disqualification is issued to the applicant, the applicant must immediately surrender the emergency license to the county clerk by mail or in person if the emergency license has not expired.  Failure to do so would be a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 93 days and/or a fine of not more than $500.

Applying for a CPL

Current provisions would be amended to reflect the elimination of the county boards and transference of duties to the county clerks or MSP.

Only one CPL application per calendar year could be filed, and an application would expire one year from the date of application. 

The county clerk must issue the applicant receipt for the application at the time of submission.  The receipt must contain the applicant's name, state-issued driver license or personal ID number, date and time the receipt was issued, amount paid, name of issuing county, impression of the county seal, and the statement, "This receipt was issued for the purpose of applying for a concealed pistol license and for obtaining fingerprints related to that application.  This receipt does not authorize an individual to carry a concealed pistol in this state."

The provision requiring a passport-quality photograph to be included with the application would allow, if the applicant did not provide that photo, the county clerk to take a photograph of the applicant at no charge or for a reasonable fee.  Applicants could not be required to have the clerk or other vendor take the photograph in lieu of providing a photograph unless the applicant is not charged an additional fee or the fee is not rolled into any fee authorized by the act.

The bill would also revise the information required by applicants to be included in certain statements on the CPL application form. 

A county clerk could not require a CPL applicant to submit any other additional forms, documents, letters, or other evidence of eligibility except as listed in Section 5b(1) or otherwise provided in the act. 

Beginning October 1, 2015, application and license fees would be reduced from $105 to $90, and no other charge, fee, cost, or assessment (unless specifically authorized in the act) could be added.  Currently, $41 of the application/license fee goes to a county's general fund with $26 of that going to the county clerk and $15 to the county sheriff, with the balance being forwarded to the state treasurer to be credited to the MSP.  Instead, until October 1, 2015, $15 would be credited to the county sheriff and $26 to the Concealed Pistol Licensing Fund.   As of October 1, 2015, the bill will direct that $26 of each fee be deposited into the Concealed Pistol Licensing Fund with the balance going to the state treasurer to be credited to the MSP.

 

Revisions regarding issuance of a CPL

A county clerk, instead of the county board, would be required to issue and send a license to an applicant to carry a concealed weapon if the county clerk determines that all of the listed circumstances exist.  One of those circumstances is that the applicant is not the subject of an order or disposition under a PPO related to domestic violence or stalking; the bill would apply this disqualification only if the PPO order includes a restriction that the applicant is not allowed to purchase or possess a firearm. 

Other listed circumstances require an applicant to not have been convicted of certain misdemeanor violations in the eight years or the three years preceding applying for a CPL.  The bill would add that the applicant could not have a pending charge for any of those violations in Michigan or elsewhere at the time the application is made. 

When a CPL is issued, the county clerk must indicate on the license if the individual is exempt from the prohibitions against carrying a concealed pistol in no carry zones if the applicant provides acceptable proof of qualifying for that exemption.  The bill adds a definition for what would constitute acceptable proof for the categories of individuals who qualify for the exemption (for instance, a retired police officer).

The bill also makes numerous revisions that are editorial or technical in nature.

Further, county clerks, MSP, county sheriffs, local police agencies, and other entities that maintain fingerprinting capability must provide reasonable access to fingerprinting services during normal business hours as necessary to comply with the act's requirements.  An applicant who has had classifiable fingerprints taken under Section 5a(4), which pertains to an emergency CPL, would not need additional fingerprints taken under this provision.  If an individual's fingerprints are not classifiable, the MSP would have to take the individual's fingerprints again–at no charge– or provide for the comparisons with state and national fingerprint databases to be conducted through alternative means.

At the time fingerprints are taken, the entity must issue a receipt to the applicant that contains all of the following:

v                 Name of the applicant.

v                 Date and time the receipt is issued.

v                 Amount paid.

v                 Name of the entity providing the fingerprint services.

v                 The applicant's state-issued driver license or personal ID card number.

v                 A statement that says, among other things, the receipt was issued for the purpose of applying for a concealed pistol license, and, if a license or statutory disqualification is not issued within 45 days, the receipt will serve as a CPL when carried with an official state-issued ID or driver license.  The receipt will be a valid CPL until a license or notice of disqualification is issued by the county clerk.  The receipt would not exempt the individual from complying with all applicable laws for the purchase of firearms.

 

Within five business days of completing the verification process, MSP must send the county clerk a list of an applicant's statutory disqualifications. 

The bill deletes a provision requiring the issuance of a six-month temporary license if a fingerprint comparison report is not received by a board within 60 days after the FBI forwards it to the MSP.  Instead, the bill specifies that the receipt issued at the time fingerprints are taken, as described above, will serve as a CPL if a license or notice of statutory disqualification is not issued by the county clerk within 45 days after the classifiable fingerprints were taken.  A state-issued ID must also be carried for the receipt to be valid as a CPL.

Renewal licenses

A renewal license would be valid in the same manner as for the initial license.

A county clerk must notify a licensee that the license was about to expire and may be renewed as provided in the act.  The notification must be sent to the last known address of the licensee as shown on the records of the clerk.  It must be sent in a sealed envelope by first-class mail not less than three months or more than six months before the current license's expiration date.  An applicant is eligible for a renewal if the license is not expired, or expired within a one-year period before the date of application.

In addition to the $90 application fee, an applicant must pay a $7 renewal fee to the county clerk by any method of payment accepted by that county.

A member of the U.S. armed forces, reserves or the Michigan National Guard who is on

Orders to a duty station outside the state could submit an application for renewal by first-class mail, with the required fee, a notarized application, and the licensee's orders to report to an out-state duty station in a form required by the county clerk.

The MSP would have to complete the verification process and the county clerk would have to issue a renewal license or a notice of statutory disqualification within 45 days (shortened from 60 days) after the date of application.  The clerk would have to send a receipt by first-class mail to an individual who submitted the renewal application to the address listed in the clerk's records (or to a service member's address of assignment or deployment, if requested).  The receipt would have to include the applicant's state-issued driver license or personal ID card number and a statement that it could serve as a CPL when carried with the expired license and would be valid until a license or notice of statutory disqualification is issued. 

If an individual applies for a renewal license before the expiration of the license, the expiration date of the current license would be extended until the renewal license or notice of statutory disqualification is issued; currently it is extended by only 180 days.

The clerk must notify the MSP after receiving a renewal application and the MSP must immediately enter into LEIN that an application has been submitted and the renewal is pending. 

Renewal applications require the applicant to certify that the applicant has completed at least three hours' review of the required training and at least one hour of firing range time in the six months immediately preceding the renewal application.  The bill would specify that the educational and firing range requirements are met if the applicant certifies on the renewal application form that the requirements have been met.  The county clerk could not otherwise require verification of the statements made under this provision and shall not require an applicant to obtain a certificate or undergo training other than as required by this provision.

County Concealed Pistol Licensing Fund

Each county would have to establish a Concealed Pistol Licensing Fund for the deposit of fees collected for the county clerk.  The county treasurer would direct investment of the fund and credit to the fund interest and earnings.  Expenditures would have to comply with the Uniform Budgeting and Accounting Act and funds used only for the cost of administering the act.  Allowable expenditures would include, but not be limited to, staffing requirements directly attributable to performing functions required under the act; technology upgrades, including those required to take fingerprints by electronic means; office supplies; and document storage and retrieval systems and system upgrades.

All revenue collected by county clerks under the act would have to be deposited into the county's concealed pistol licensing fund.

Restoration of right to carry concealed weapon

Currently, a person prohibited from possessing, using, transporting, selling, carrying, shipping, or distributing a firearm or ammunition because of the commission of a felony may apply to the county concealed weapons licensing board for restoration of those rights; the bill would instead require a person to apply to the circuit court in the county in which the person resides.

Concealed pistol application kits

Under the bill, kits would be available only at the offices of county clerks, during normal business hours, and other provisions would be amended to apply only to county clerks.  The Department of State Police (MSP) would now provide the application kits to county clerks in electronic format.

 

Compilation of firearms laws by LSB

Currently, the Legislative Service Bureau must compile the Michigan firearms laws that apply to carrying a concealed pistol and provide copies to each county board for distribution.  The bill would require the compilation to be provided to the MSP in an electronic format.  The MSP must then provide a copy to each county clerk.  MSP must also provide forms to appeal a notice of statutory disqualification, or suspension or revocation of a license.  The compilation of the firearms laws and appeal forms would be provided by electronic format.

The county clerk would have to distribute the compilation and forms at no charge to CPL applicants at the time the application is submitted and require the applicant to sign a written acknowledgement of the receipt of those documents.

 

CPL holder responsibilities

 

v                 A licensee may notify a county clerk that he or she has moved to a different county within the state in order to receive renewal notifications.

v                 A licensee may voluntarily surrender the license without explanation; MSP shall enter that information into LEIN along with the date the license was surrendered.  The county clerk must retain a surrendered license as an official record for one year.

v                 A licensee must carry his or her state-issued driver license or personal ID card along with the CPL and the concealed pistol

 

Civil immunity

A county clerk, county sheriff, county prosecuting attorney, police department, or MSP would not be liable for civil damages as a result of issuing a CPL to an individual who later commits a crime or a negligent act.

CPL/requirements for the physical license

Beginning October 1, 2015, the license would have to be made of plastic laminated paper or hard plastic.  No additional fee could be charged for the license unless allowed under the act.  A fee of not more than $10 could be charged for an optional hard plastic license only if the county clerk also provides the option of obtaining a plastic laminated paper license at no charge.

In addition to current requirements, the license would have to include:

v                 The licensee's state-issued driver license or personal ID card number.

v                 The premises on which carrying a CPL is prohibited under Section 5o.

v                 The peace officer disclosure required under Section 5f (informing the officer the licensee is carrying a CPL or personal Taser).

v                 An indication whether the license is a duplicate or an emergency license (if an emergency license, it must include that it does not exempt the individual from complying with all applicable laws for the purchase of firearms).

Neither the MSP nor a county clerk could require a licensee's signature to appear on a CPL.

Appeals

An applicant may appeal to the circuit court a statutory disqualification or failure to be issued a receipt complying with the receipt requirements issued when fingerprints are taken.  If a court determined the disqualification, failure to provide a proper receipt, or failure to issue a license was arbitrary and capricious (in addition to being erroneous, as is currently the case), the court would have to order the clerk to issue a license or receipt.  

If the action was clearly erroneous, the court could also refund any filing fees, according to the degree of responsibility of that entity.  If arbitrary and capricious, the court must order the county clerk, entity taking the fingerprints, or the state to pay the applicant's actual costs and actual attorney fees in appealing the action, based on the degree of responsibility of the clerk, fingerprint entity, or state.  Currently, an appeal of a license denial by a board found to be arbitrary and capricious requires the court to order the state to pay 1/3 and the county to pay 2/3 of the actual costs and attorney fees of the applicant in appealing the denial.

Violations of act

Currently, when carrying a concealed pistol or personal Taser, failure to carry the CPL, failure to show the CPL to a peace officer, or failure to disclose to an officer the fact that the individual is carrying a concealed pistol or personal Taser, is a state civil infraction that can result in fine as well as suspension or revocation of the CPL.  The bill would require a fine to be imposed as specified if the person was found to be responsible for the civil infraction.  The peace officer must notify the MSP of that civil infraction.  The MSP must then notify the county clerk who issued the CPL.  The clerk must suspend or revoke the license and notify the licensee of the suspension or revocation by first-class mail.  The MSP must immediately enter the suspension or revocation into LEIN.

The act prohibits a licensee from carrying a concealed pistol or personal Taser while under the influence of alcohol and/or a controlled substance or while having a prohibited bodily alcohol content of .10 grams or more.  Instead of requiring a court to permanently revoke the person's license, the bill would instead require the court to order the county clerk to revoke the license (but not permanently).  The clerk must notify MSP of the revocation for entry into LEIN.

If the person had a bodily alcohol content of .08 or more but less than .10 grams, the license must be ordered suspended for three years instead of being revoked for three years.  A bodily alcohol level of more than .02 but less than .08 grams would result in a one-year suspension instead of a one-year revocation and the person would be fined $100.  (These penalties would be in addition to applicable criminal penalties.)

Refusal to take a chemical test would result in a six-month license suspension and responsibility for a state civil infraction and a fine of $100.  A peace officer must notify the MSP to enter the suspension into LEIN.

"Under the influence of alcoholic liquor or a controlled substance" would mean that the individual's ability to properly handle a pistol or to exercise clear judgment regarding the use of that pistol was substantially and materially affected by the consumption of alcoholic liquor or a controlled substance.

Failure to surrender a suspended or revoked license would be a misdemeanor punishable by not more than 93 days and/or a fine of not more than $500.

Suspensions or revocations

A court could order a county clerk who issued a CPL to suspend, revoke, or reinstate that license as provided in the act.

Notice of a suspension or revocation must include the statutory reason (provided to the clerk by the court), the source of the record supporting that determination, the length of the suspension or revocation, and the process for reinstating the license when the suspension ends or for reapplying for a license that was revoked, correcting errors in the record, or appealing the suspension or revocation.  If the individual is acquitted of the charge leading to the suspension, or the charge dismissed, the court must notify the county clerk who shall automatically reinstate the license if the license is not expired and the individual is otherwise qualified to receive a CPL license, as verified by MSP.  A clerk could not charge a reinstatement fee for a suspension.

The act specifies that a license cannot be revoked except upon written complaint and an opportunity for a hearing.  The bill would apply to this suspensions, as well.

A suspension would have to be stated in terms of years, months, or days, or until the final disposition of the charge and must state the date the suspension will end, if applicable.  A licensee would have to promptly surrender the license to the county clerk after being notified that the license had been revoked or suspended.

Upon expiration of the suspension period, the applicant may apply for a renewal license.  The clerk would have to issue a receipt to the applicant that stated that the receipt was issued for the purpose of applying for a renewal of a concealed pistol license following a period of suspension or revocation, but does not authorize the person to carry a concealed pistol in the state.

If the suspension or revocation was because the applicant was a subject of a PPO restricting the ability to carry or purchase a firearm, and the license had been surrendered by the licensee, upon expiration of the order and notification to the county clerk, the county clerk would have to automatically reinstate the license if it is not expired and the MSP has completed the verification process.  A fee could not be charged for the reinstatement.

Pistol training

The required training or safety program for eligibility for a CPL must be provided within five years preceding the date of application for a CPL.  A certificate of completion must, after October 1, 2015, contain the instructor's name and address, and telephone number if available and the name and telephone number of the state agency or state or national firearms training organization that has certified the individual as an instructor, his or her instructor certification number, if any, and the expiration date of the certification; this would have to be printed on the certification or provided in a separate document.

The instructor could be certified by another state in addition to this state or a national firearms training organization as is currently required.  A county clerk could not require any other certification or require an instructor to register with the county or county clerk.

A training certificate that does not meet state requirements applicable at the time of issuance could otherwise meet the act's requirements if the applicant provides information that reasonably demonstrates that the certificate or the training meets applicable requirements.

Repealers

The bill would repeal Section 6a (MCL 28.426a) which permits concealed weapon licensing boards to issue a license to certain businesses that deal with or transport large sums of money (e.g., banks, railways) to equip its premises or vehicles with gas ejecting devices for the purpose of protecting the premises or vehicles from criminal assaults.

The bill would also repeal Section 5m (28.425m) which requires certain actions by county prosecutors when a CPL holder is charged and/or convicted of a criminal offense.

MCL 28.421 et al.

FISCAL IMPACT:

Senate Bill 789 would have a fiscal impact on the Department of State Police (MSP) and counties to the extent that SB 789 substantially alters the roles and responsibilities of the MSP and counties as they pertain to the application for and issuance of concealed pistol licenses (CPL).

The MSP would continue to receive $64 of the CPL application fee and would continue to be responsible for many duties pertaining to fingerprint checks, database maintenance, recordkeeping, and information distribution related to CPL applicants and holders. Under SB 789, the MSP would also be responsible for investigating CPL applicants, currently performed by county sheriffs' offices (sheriffs), and evaluating CPL applications, currently performed by county concealed weapons licensing boards (CWLB).

The MSP estimates that these investigative and evaluative responsibilities would require 13.0 FTEs and approximately $1.3 million in additional funding. Currently, revenue generated from the $64 of the CPL application fee is deposited into the Criminal Justice Information System Services Fees fund and is comingled with revenues from other fees and direct and indirect expenditures related to its current CPL responsibilities are not separately classified for within the state accounting system. Thus, it is not possible to independently assess MSP's estimate of additional staff and funding required if SB 789 was enacted.

County clerks' offices (clerks) would continue to receive $26 of each CPL application fee but would be statutorily responsible for many of the administrative responsibilities currently vested in CWLBs as well as some additional administrative duties. However, clerks currently act as the clerks for CWLBs and are likely performing many of the administrative functions of the CWLBs that would be vested with clerks under SB 789.

Sheriffs currently receive $15 of each CPL application and are potentially subsequently remunerated (out of the $26 allocated to clerks) for their costs to provide CPL applications, serve on CWLBs, take fingerprints, and perform name-based background checks. Under SB 789, the CPL application fee would be reduced by $15 and sheriffs would no longer receive $15 from the CPL application fee, nor would sheriffs be responsible for any of the above duties. However, sheriffs would be able to charge a $15 fee for taking fingerprints as would the MSP, clerks, and local law enforcement agencies.

County prosecutors' offices (prosecutors) are currently able to serve on CWLB, presenting evidence and providing notification pertaining to CPL applicants and holders, and are potentially subsequently remunerated (out of the $26 allocated to clerks) for their costs of these duties. Under SB 789, prosecutors would no longer have any statutory responsibilities pertaining to the application for and the evaluation and issuance of CPLs.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION:

According to survey data collected by MSP from counties for the period from July 2012 through June 2013 and exhibited in the table below, the expenditures incurred by counties in performing their responsibilities related to the application for and the evaluation and issuance of CPLs varies widely and does not appear to be correlated with county population. However, assuming the accuracy of the survey data, the aggregate amounts (i.e., weighted averages for the per CPL data) seem to indicate that the current fees were nearly sufficient for the "average" county to perform their responsibilities during the reporting period.

County CPL Fiscal Data
07/01/12-06/30/13
County	Number of CPLs	Revenue ($41/CPL)	Expenditures	Net Income (Loss)	Expenditure per CPL	Net Income (Loss) per CPL
Alcona	283	$11,603	$13,813	($2,210)	$48.81	($7.81)
Alger	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Allegan	NA	NA	NA	NA	$39.05	$1.95
Alpena	519	$21,279	$19,937	$1,342	$38.41	$2.59
Antrim	318	$13,038	$20,492	($7,454)	$64.44	($23.44)
Arenac	138	$5,658	$8,359	($2,701)	$60.57	($19.57)
Baraga	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Barry	1,012	$41,492	$20,512	$20,980	$20.27	$20.73
Bay	1,428	$58,548	$66,792	($8,244)	$46.77	($5.77)
Benzie	133	$5,453	$1,367	$4,086	$10.28	$30.72
Berrien	1,537	$63,017	$69,174	($6,157)	$45.01	($4.01)
Branch	454	$18,614	$44,737	($26,123)	$98.54	($57.54)
Calhoun	NA	NA	NA	NA	$70.63	($29.63)
Cass	702	$28,782	$27,753	$1,029	$39.53	$1.47
Charlevoix	283	$11,603	$18,477	($6,874)	$65.29	($24.29)
Cheboygan	467	$19,147	$20,842	($1,695)	$44.63	($3.63)
Chippewa	433	$17,753	$22,823	($5,070)	$52.71	($11.71)
Clare	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Clinton	1,419	$58,179	$56,418	$1,761	$39.76	$1.24
Crawford	206	$8,446	$8,515	($69)	$41.34	($0.34)
Delta	537	$22,017	$24,692	($2,675)	$45.98	($4.98)
Dickinson	312	$12,792	$16,619	($3,827)	$53.27	($12.27)
Eaton	1,765	$72,365	$63,386	$8,979	$35.91	$5.09
Emmet	NA	NA	NA	NA	$213.78	($172.78)
Genesee	6,441	$264,081	$170,482	$93,599	$26.47	$14.53
Gladwin	479	$19,639	$14,532	$5,107	$30.34	$10.66
Gogebic	145	$5,945	$2,831	$3,114	$19.52	$21.48
Grand Traverse	1,254	$51,414	$41,660	$9,754	$33.22	$7.78
Gratiot	620	$25,420	$8,395	$17,025	$13.54	$27.46
Hillsdale	711	$29,151	$13,671	$15,480	$19.23	$21.77
Houghton	285	$11,685	$10,038	$1,647	$35.22	$5.78
Huron	389	$15,949	$8,951	$6,998	$23.01	$17.99
Ingham	2,489	$102,049	$192,350	($90,301)	$77.28	($36.28)
Ionia	925	$37,925	$13,679	$24,246	$14.79	$26.21
Iosco	NA	NA	NA	NA	$22.04	$18.96
Iron	210	$8,610	$7,829	$781	$37.28	$3.72
Isabella	NA	NA	NA	NA	$163.00	($122.00)
Jackson	2,037	$83,517	$93,074	($9,557)	$45.69	($4.69)
Kalamazoo	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Kalkaska	269	$11,029	$7,791	$3,238	$28.96	$12.04
Kent	4,530	$185,730	$176,531	$9,199	$38.97	$2.03
Keweenaw	34	$1,394	$2,296	($902)	$67.53	($26.53)
Lake	216	$8,856	$37,684	($28,828)	$174.46	($133.46)
Lapeer	1,755	$71,955	$97,634	($25,679)	$55.63	($14.63)
Leelanau	199	$8,159	$10,378	($2,219)	$52.15	($11.15)
Lenawee	NA	NA	NA	NA	$34.95	$6.05
Livingston	3,302	$135,382	$127,579	$7,803	$38.64	$2.36
Luce	120	$4,920	$6,088	($1,168)	$50.73	($9.73)
Mackinac	185	$7,585	$18,124	($10,539)	$97.97	($56.97)
Macomb	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Manistee	255	$10,455	$13,459	($3,004)	$52.78	($11.78)
Marquette	1,099	$45,059	$3,561	$41,498	$3.24	$37.76
Mason	441	$18,081	$19,146	($1,065)	$43.42	($2.42)
Mecosta	622	$25,502	$15,961	$9,541	$25.66	$15.34
Menominee	264	$10,824	$17,429	($6,605)	$66.02	($25.02)
Midland	1,183	$48,503	$122,398	($73,895)	$103.46	($62.46)
Missaukee	231	$9,471	$3,830	$5,641	$16.58	$24.42
Monroe	2,648	$108,568	$109,176	($608)	$41.23	($0.23)
Montcalm	634	$25,994	$67,997	($42,003)	$107.25	($66.25)
Montmorency	189	$7,749	$8,936	($1,187)	$47.28	($6.28)
Muskegon	2,055	$84,255	$52,338	$31,917	$25.47	$15.53
Newaygo	768	$31,488	$64,852	($33,364)	$84.44	($43.44)
Oakland	16,668	$683,388	$546,274	$137,114	$32.77	$8.23
Oceana	NA	NA	NA	NA	$60.65	($19.65)
Ogemaw	351	$14,391	$18,288	($3,897)	$52.10	($11.10)
Ontonagon	99	$4,059	$428	$3,631	$4.32	$36.68
Osceola	405	$16,605	$25,973	($9,368)	$64.13	($23.13)
Oscoda	133	$5,453	$5,487	($34)	$41.26	($0.26)
Otsego	353	$14,473	$3,127	$11,346	$8.86	$32.14
Ottawa	2,753	$112,873	$121,251	($8,378)	$44.04	($3.04)
Presque Isle	225	$9,225	$13,353	($4,128)	$59.35	($18.35)
Roscommon	348	$14,268	$6,071	$8,197	$17.45	$23.55
Saginaw	2,565	$105,165	$122,960	($17,795)	$47.94	($6.94)
St. Clair	2,608	$106,928	$115,697	($8,769)	$44.36	($3.36)
St. Joseph	840	$34,440	$36,018	($1,578)	$42.88	($1.88)
Sanilac	545	$22,345	$40,870	($18,525)	$74.99	($33.99)
Schoolcraft	136	$5,576	$6,332	($756)	$46.56	($5.56)
Shiawassee	1,432	$58,712	$61,099	($2,387)	$42.67	($1.67)
Tuscola	940	$38,540	$21,886	$16,654	$23.28	$17.72
Van Buren	971	$39,811	$41,798	($1,987)	$43.05	($2.05)
Washtenaw	3,124	$128,084	$118,773	$9,311	$38.02	$2.98
Wayne	23,763	$974,283	$1,096,389	($122,106)	$46.14	($5.14)
Wexford	454	$18,614	$9,989	$8,625	$22.00	$19.00
AGGREGATE (All Counties Submitting Detailed Data)	107,643	$4,413,363	$4,497,454	($84,091)	$41.78	($0.78)
SOURCE: Annual survey form distributed by MSP to the 83 county clerks' offices for the reporting period from 07/01/12 to 06/30/13.
NOTE: Some counties did not provide any data, while other counties provided only partial data; either omitting unidentified related costs borne by relevant entities or aggregate amounts which cannot be imputed ex post.

POSITIONS:

The following entities testified in or indicated support for the bills:

Michigan Association of County Clerks  (11-13-14)

Michigan Open Carry (11-13-14 and 12-4-14)

Michigan Coalition for Responsible Gun Owners (11-13-14 and 12-4-14)

NRA-ILA (11-13-14)

The following entities testified in or indicated opposition to the bills:

The Michigan State Police (11-13-14 and 12-4-14)

Michigan District Judges Association (11-13-14)

Michigan Association of Counties (11-13-14)

                                                                                           Legislative Analyst:   Susan Stutzky

                                                                                                  Fiscal Analyst:   Paul Holland             

■ This analysis was prepared by nonpartisan House staff for use by House members in their deliberations, and does not constitute an official statement of legislative intent.